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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Order Response to stimulus Reproduction Regulation Adaptation Growth Homeostasis Energy processing |
What are the 8 properties of life |
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Discipline of naming and classifying organisms according to certain rules |
Define taxonomy |
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Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species |
What are the classifications of life and their order from most inclusive to least inclusive |
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Archaea Bacteria Eukarya |
What are the 3 domains of life |
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Any organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes |
Define Eukaryote |
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Archaea |
What domain of life does prokaryotes and extremophiles fall under? |
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Bacteria |
What domain if life is a prokaryote under? |
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Eukarya |
What domain of life are Eukaryotes under? |
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Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia |
What four kingdoms is Eukarya divided into? |
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Evolution |
The process by which species have changed and diversified since life arose |
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Make an observation Ask a question Form a hypothesis that answers it Make a prediction based on hypoth Experiment Analyze results Report |
What is the order of the scientific process? |
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Make an observation Ask a question Form a hypothesis that answers it Make a prediction based on hypoth Experiment Analyze results Report |
What is the order of the scientific process? (7 steps) |
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Inductive reasoning |
Logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion |
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Scientific theory |
What am I describing? It's generally accepted Thoroughly tested Confirms explanation of a phenomenon |
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Variables |
Any part of the experiment that can vary or change during the experiment |
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Independent variable |
Can be changed or manipulated by the experimenter. |
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Dependent variable |
What is being measured in the experiment |
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Experimental group |
The group that is exposed to a particular treatment |
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Control group |
The group that is treated identically to the experimental group except that they are not exposed to the treatment |
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Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Sulfur Phosphorus |
What are the 6 building block chemicals of all living things |
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Carbohydrates Nuclei acids Proteins Lipids |
What are the fundamental molecular components of all organisms? |
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Carbohydrates Nuclei acids Proteins Lipids |
What are the 4 fundamental molecular components of all organisms? |
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Elements |
Substances that cannot be broken down or transformed chemically into other substances. |
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True |
The nucleus has a positive charge of +1 true or false |
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Atomic number |
The number of protons an element has |
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Atomic mass |
The number of protons plus the number of neutrons |
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Atomic mass |
The number of protons plus the number of neutrons |
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Isotope |
Different forms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons |
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Carbon Potassium Uranium |
What elements have naturally occurring isotopes |
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Chemical bonds |
Interactions between two or more of the same or different element that result in the formation of molecules |
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Octet rule |
The rule that The outermost shells of elements with low Atomic numbers can hold 8 electrons. |
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Ion |
When an atom does not contain equal numbers of protons and electrons |
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They tend to complete fill their outer shells and will bond with other elements |
How do atoms achieve greater stability |
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Cations |
Positive ions that are formed by losing elections |
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Anions |
Negative ions that are formed by gaining electrons |
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Electron transfer |
The movement of one electron to another atom |
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Ionic bonds |
A chemical bond that gives electrons |
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Covalent bonds |
When an electron is shared between two elements |
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Nonpolar Covalent bonds |
Chemical bond between two atoms of the same element or between different elements that share electrons equally |
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Hydrogen bond |
Weakest bonds |
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Solvent |
A substance capable of dissolving another substance |
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Adhesion |
The attraction between water molecules and other molecules |
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PH scale |
The overall concentration of hydrogen ions is inversely related to its |
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Buffers |
Readily absorb excess hydrogen ions and hydroxide |
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Carbohydrates |
Macromolecules that provide energy for the body through glucose. |
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Monosaccharides Diasaccharides Polysaccharides |
What three types of Carbohydrates are there |
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Monosaccharides |
Simple sugars |
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Glucose Galatose Fructose |
What are the three types of Monosaccharides |
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Diasaccharides |
When two Monosaccharides undergo dehydration reaction |
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Diasaccharides |
When two Monosaccharides undergo dehydration reaction |
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Maltose Lactose Sucrose |
The Three types of Diasaccharides are |
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Polysaccharides |
A long chain of Monosaccharides linked by Covalent bonds. Very large molecules |
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Starch Glycogen Cellulose Chitin |
Four types of Polysaccharides |
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Starch Glycogen Cellulose Chitin |
Four types of Polysaccharides |
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Glycogen |
the storage form of glucose in humans and other vertebrates, and is made up of monomers of glucose |
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Cellulose |
abundant natural biopolymers. |
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Phospholipids |
Tha main component of a cell plasma membrane |
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Cholesterol |
A type of steroid |
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Protein |
most abundant organic molecules in living systems. structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective; they may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes |
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Enzymes |
catalysts in biochemical reactions (like digestion) and are usually proteins |
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Hormones |
chemical signaling molecules, usually proteins or steroids, secreted by an endocrine gland or group of endocrine cells that act to control or regulate specific physiological processes, including growth, development, metabolism, and reproduction |
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Hormones |
chemical signaling molecules, usually proteins or steroids, secreted by an endocrine gland or group of endocrine cells that act to control or regulate specific physiological processes, including growth, development, metabolism, and reproduction |
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Amino acid |
monomers that make up proteins |
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DNA |
genetic material found in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. |
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Nucleic acids |
carry the genetic blueprint of a cell and carry instructions for the functioning of the cell. |
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Red blood cell Sperm Brain cell Muscle cell Nerve cell |
What are the five types of human cells |
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Red blood cell Sperm Brain cell Muscle cell Nerve cell |
What are the five types of human cells |
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Prokaryotes |
Lacks membrane, lacks nucleus. Said to be the first type of cell |
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Mitochondria |
Breaks down food molecules to ATP. |
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Both have a plasma membrane |
What do prokaryotes and Eukaryotes have in common |
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Lysosomes |
Digest waste and food materials in a cell |
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False |
Communities exist within populations which exist within ecosystems? True or false |
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Lipids |
Estrogen and testosterone are considered? |
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Lipids |
Estrogen and testosterone are considered? |
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Long term energy |
Lipids are a source of |
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Short term energy |
Carbs are a source of |