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76 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Order


Response to stimulus


Reproduction


Regulation


Adaptation


Growth


Homeostasis


Energy processing

What are the 8 properties of life

Discipline of naming and classifying organisms according to certain rules

Define taxonomy

Domain


Kingdom


Phylum


Class


Order


Family


Genus


Species

What are the classifications of life and their order from most inclusive to least inclusive

Archaea


Bacteria


Eukarya

What are the 3 domains of life

Any organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes

Define Eukaryote

Archaea

What domain of life does prokaryotes and extremophiles fall under?

Bacteria

What domain if life is a prokaryote under?

Eukarya

What domain of life are Eukaryotes under?

Protista


Fungi


Plantae


Animalia

What four kingdoms is Eukarya divided into?

Evolution

The process by which species have changed and diversified since life arose

Make an observation


Ask a question


Form a hypothesis that answers it


Make a prediction based on hypoth


Experiment


Analyze results


Report

What is the order of the scientific process?

Make an observation


Ask a question


Form a hypothesis that answers it


Make a prediction based on hypoth


Experiment


Analyze results


Report

What is the order of the scientific process? (7 steps)

Inductive reasoning

Logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion

Scientific theory

What am I describing?


It's generally accepted


Thoroughly tested


Confirms explanation of a phenomenon


Variables

Any part of the experiment that can vary or change during the experiment

Independent variable

Can be changed or manipulated by the experimenter.

Dependent variable

What is being measured in the experiment

Experimental group

The group that is exposed to a particular treatment

Control group

The group that is treated identically to the experimental group except that they are not exposed to the treatment

Carbon


Hydrogen


Nitrogen


Oxygen


Sulfur


Phosphorus

What are the 6 building block chemicals of all living things

Carbohydrates


Nuclei acids


Proteins


Lipids

What are the fundamental molecular components of all organisms?

Carbohydrates


Nuclei acids


Proteins


Lipids

What are the 4 fundamental molecular components of all organisms?

Elements

Substances that cannot be broken down or transformed chemically into other substances.

True

The nucleus has a positive charge of +1 true or false

Atomic number

The number of protons an element has

Atomic mass

The number of protons plus the number of neutrons

Atomic mass

The number of protons plus the number of neutrons

Isotope

Different forms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Carbon


Potassium


Uranium

What elements have naturally occurring isotopes

Chemical bonds

Interactions between two or more of the same or different element that result in the formation of molecules

Octet rule

The rule that The outermost shells of elements with low Atomic numbers can hold 8 electrons.

Ion

When an atom does not contain equal numbers of protons and electrons

They tend to complete fill their outer shells and will bond with other elements

How do atoms achieve greater stability

Cations

Positive ions that are formed by losing elections

Anions

Negative ions that are formed by gaining electrons

Electron transfer

The movement of one electron to another atom

Ionic bonds

A chemical bond that gives electrons

Covalent bonds

When an electron is shared between two elements

Nonpolar Covalent bonds

Chemical bond between two atoms of the same element or between different elements that share electrons equally

Hydrogen bond

Weakest bonds

Solvent

A substance capable of dissolving another substance

Adhesion

The attraction between water molecules and other molecules

PH scale

The overall concentration of hydrogen ions is inversely related to its

Buffers

Readily absorb excess hydrogen ions and hydroxide

Carbohydrates

Macromolecules that provide energy for the body through glucose.

Monosaccharides


Diasaccharides


Polysaccharides

What three types of Carbohydrates are there

Monosaccharides

Simple sugars

Glucose


Galatose


Fructose

What are the three types of Monosaccharides

Diasaccharides

When two Monosaccharides undergo dehydration reaction

Diasaccharides

When two Monosaccharides undergo dehydration reaction

Maltose


Lactose


Sucrose

The Three types of Diasaccharides are

Polysaccharides

A long chain of Monosaccharides linked by Covalent bonds. Very large molecules

Starch


Glycogen


Cellulose


Chitin

Four types of Polysaccharides

Starch


Glycogen


Cellulose


Chitin

Four types of Polysaccharides

Glycogen

the storage form of glucose in humans and other vertebrates, and is made up of monomers of glucose

Cellulose

abundant natural biopolymers.

Phospholipids

Tha main component of a cell plasma membrane

Cholesterol

A type of steroid

Protein

most abundant organic molecules in living systems. structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective; they may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes

Enzymes

catalysts in biochemical reactions (like digestion) and are usually proteins

Hormones

chemical signaling molecules, usually proteins or steroids, secreted by an endocrine gland or group of endocrine cells that act to control or regulate specific physiological processes, including growth, development, metabolism, and reproduction

Hormones

chemical signaling molecules, usually proteins or steroids, secreted by an endocrine gland or group of endocrine cells that act to control or regulate specific physiological processes, including growth, development, metabolism, and reproduction

Amino acid

monomers that make up proteins

DNA

genetic material found in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals.

Nucleic acids

carry the genetic blueprint of a cell and carry instructions for the functioning of the cell.

Red blood cell


Sperm


Brain cell


Muscle cell


Nerve cell

What are the five types of human cells

Red blood cell


Sperm


Brain cell


Muscle cell


Nerve cell

What are the five types of human cells

Prokaryotes

Lacks membrane, lacks nucleus. Said to be the first type of cell

Mitochondria

Breaks down food molecules to ATP.

Both have a plasma membrane

What do prokaryotes and Eukaryotes have in common

Lysosomes

Digest waste and food materials in a cell

False

Communities exist within populations which exist within ecosystems? True or false

Lipids

Estrogen and testosterone are considered?

Lipids

Estrogen and testosterone are considered?

Long term energy

Lipids are a source of

Short term energy

Carbs are a source of