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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
comparative anatomy
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homologus structure
analogus structures |
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homologus structure
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similar underlying anatomy, different fuction
common evolutionary origin ex wings of bat, flipper of whale |
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analogus structures
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similar functions
different evolutionary origins differnt patterns of development ex. wings of fly and wings of birds |
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comparative embryology
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stage of embryonic development resemble the stages of the particular organism's evol. history
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comparative biochemistry
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universal genetic code
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vestigial structures
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appears to be useless in the context of a particular modern day organism's behavior and environment but were apparently useful at tone time
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Biogerography
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geographic barrier that cause individual in a population to evolve specific pattern
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theory of evolution
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lamarkican and darwin
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lamrkican evolution
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prinicple of use and disuse
(dissuse disappear) inheritance of acquried characteristics |
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type of evolution
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convergent evolution(like developing analogus structure)
divergent evolution (due to genetic draft/founder's effect) directional evolution (phenotype shift towards extreme due to ecological condition) |
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genetic draft
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cange in gene pool due to chance unlikely to adaptive
smaller the pop. greater effect of small change in allele frequency or of mutation on the gene pool of the next geneation |
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founder effet
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small subset of pop become genetically isoled from the orgnal population
the smaller the sample size, the genetic composition of that region is less likely to represent the genetic composition of the larger population is derived from. this type of genetic draft in an isolated group is known as founder's effect isolated"founder" pop can diverge quite rapidly from original one |
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convergent evol
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indepedent development of similar strucutre in different animal due to similar ecological role, selection pressure similartieis are analogus
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divergent evol.
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emergent of different species fra single ancestral species due to differing ecological roles and selecting pressure
often to the effet of minimizing competition by creating different species each speicialized to its particular niche |
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darwin's theory of evolution
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1. individuals of any population very from one another in many characteristic due to mutation
2. gnetic variations can be inherited 3. members of population produce more offspring than the environment can support (cause competition) 4. those individual whose inherited characteristics fit them best to their evironment ar likely to leave more offspringthan less fit individual (natural selection) 5. over many gen. of natual selection, favorable change (adaptation) are perpetuated in the species. accumulation of these favorable change eventually results in speciation |
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directional evolution
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the pheotypic norm of particular species shifts tward an extreme to adapt to selective pressure such as an increasingly colder environment
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darwin believed the driving force behind evolution was ??
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the fitness of the organism for its particular enviornment
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convergent evolution due to homology?
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no due to anology
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