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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Organic molecules |
complex molecules of life built on a framework of carbon atoms. Carbs Lipids Proteins nucleic acid |
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Hydrocarbon |
An organic molecule that consists only of hydrogen and carbon |
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Process in which a molecule changes |
Reaction |
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Monomers |
molecules used as subunits to build larger molecules. |
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Polymers |
Large molecules that are chains of monomers. May be split and used for energy. |
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Metabolism |
Activity in which cells acquire and use energy to construct, rearrange split organic molecules. Allows cells to live, grow and reproduce. Also requires enzymes to speed up reactions. |
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Condensation |
Covalent bonding of two molecules to form a larger one. |
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Hydrolysis |
Reverse of condensation Cleavage splits larger molecules into smaller ones.
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Functional group |
An atom or small molecular group covalently bonded to a carbon atom of an organic compound. |
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Carbohydrates |
Organic molecules that consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. 3 types: Monosaccharides ------------Oligosaccharides ------------Polysaccharides
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Monosaccharides |
One sugar Simplest type of carbs |
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Oligosaccharides |
Short chain carbohydrate. |
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Polysaccharides |
Complex carbohydrate Straight or branched chains of many sugar monomers All consist of glucose monomers |
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Cellulose |
Polysaccharide Major structural material in plants. Consists of long straight chains of glucose monomers Not easily broken down.
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Starch |
Polysaccharide Energy resevoir in plants Spiral coil shape Less stable than cellulose Important component of human food |
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Glycogen |
Polysaccharide Energy resevoir in animals Form highly branched chains of glucose monomers. |
