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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Two types of sexually reproducing eukaryotes |
1. Somatic cells 2. Sex cells |
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Body cells ex. Skin cells |
Somatic cells |
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Gametes and germline |
Sex cells |
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Refers to the number of sets of chromosomes in cells |
Ploidy |
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One copy of each chromosome, designated as "n", gametes |
Haploid |
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Two sets of chromosomes, designated as "2n", somatic cells |
Diploid |
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These organisms receive one of each type of chromosome from the female parent (X or X) and one of each type of chromosome from the male parent (X or Y) |
Diploid |
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Female parent |
Maternal chromosome |
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Male parent |
Paternal chromosomes |
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Chromosome that dictates your appearance and attributes |
Autosomes |
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Chromosome which carries the gene responsible for the sex of an individual |
Sex chromosome |
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Fertilized egg cell, union of a sperm cell and an egg cell |
Zygote |
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Pair of two chromosomes |
Homologues or Homologous chromosomes / pair |
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All chromosomes have homologues except what |
Sex chromosome |
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Process of sperm cell production |
Spermatogenesis |
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Where do sperm cells form |
Testes |
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Process of egg cell production |
Oogenesis |
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Where do egg cells form |
Ovaries |
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Diagram or photograph where the chromosomes are arranged from the biggest to smallest pairs |
Karyogram |
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Process of preparing a karyogram |
Karyotyping |
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How many homologues are there in karyotypes |
22 pairs |
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A single germ divides into 4 unique daughter cells |
Meiosis |
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Daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes as parent cells, so they are considered what |
Haploid |
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Female sex chromosome |
XX |
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Male sex chromosome |
XY |
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Fusion of two ___ to produce a single zygote |
Gametes |
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At fertilization how many chromosomes are donated by each parent |
23 |
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Only gametes are produced through what |
Meiosis |
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What are the three major phases of meiosis |
Interphase, Meiosis 1, and Meiosis 2 |
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Meiosis 1 and 2 are the ___ |
2 divisions of the nucleus |
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Meiosis is important for ___ our genes |
shuffling |
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What happens in anaphase 1 in Meiosis 1 |
The Homologous Chromosomes separate |
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What happens in anaphase 2 in Meiosis 2 |
The Sister Chromatids separate |
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A new combination of chromosomes results from what |
Fertilization |
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What occurs in Prophase 1 in Meiosis |
Crossing over |
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Two equally probable chromosomes arrange |
Independent Assortment |
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How many Haploid cells are there |
23 |
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How many Diploid cells are there |
46 |