Bio Lab Test 1

Front 1

longitudinal section

Back 1

lengthwise cut of a specimen

Front 2

cross section

Back 2

crosswise cut through a specimen

Front 3

stereomiscroscope

Back 3

objects 3D at low power

Front 4

compound light micro

Back 4

small or thin sliced objects at higher mag than stereo

Front 5

compound

Back 5

refers to 2 sets of lenses

-ocular lens near eyes

-ocular lens near object

Front 6

transmission electron microscope

Back 6

ultra thin sliced and treated with heavy metal salts for more contrast

Front 7

scanning electron microscope

Back 7

image of surface and dimension of object

Front 8

resolution

Back 8

minimum distance between 2 objects at which they can still be seen or resolved as 2 separate objects

Front 9

monocular

Back 9

only one eye is used to view the object

Front 10

binocular

Back 10

2 eyes used to view object

Front 11

viewing head

Back 11

holds up ocular lens

Front 12

arm

Back 12

supports upper parts and provides carrying handle

Front 13

nosepiece

Back 13

revolving device that holds objectives

Front 14

scanning objective

Back 14

shortest of the objective lenses and is used to scan the whole slide . x4

Front 15

low power obj

Back 15

lens is longer than the scanning obj lens and is used to view objects in greater detail. x10

Front 16

high power obj

Back 16

longest with 3 objective lenses

to view greater detail

x40

Front 17

oil immersion obj

Back 17

on microscope with 4 lenses

holds 95x( to 100x) lens is used in conjunction with immersion oil to view with greatest mag

x100

Front 18

stage

Back 18

holds and supports micro slides

Front 19

stage clips

Back 19

holds a slide in place on the stage

Front 20

mechanical stage control knobs

Back 20

2 knobs that control fwd/back movement and R/L movement respectively

Front 21

coarse adj knob

Back 21

knob used to bring object into final focus

Front 22

condenser

Back 22

gather light from lamp and directs it to object being viewed

Front 23

diaphragm

Back 23

controls amount of light passing through the condensor

Front 24

light source

Back 24

an attached lamp that directs a beam of light up through object

Front 25

base

Back 25

flat surface of microscope that rests on the table

Front 26

total magnification

Back 26

multiply magnification of ocular lens by the magnification of the objective lens

Front 27

field of view

Back 27

circle visible through the lenses

Front 28

diameter of field

Back 28

length of the field from one edge to the other

Front 29

depth of field

Back 29

area from top to bottom that comes into focus while slowly focusing up and down with the microscopes fine adj knob

Front 30

wet mount

Back 30

placing a drop of liquid on a slide or if the material is dry, place directly on the slide and add water or stain

Front 31

cell theory

Back 31

all living things are made of cells and that cells come only from other cells

Front 32

cytoplasm

Back 32

material bounded by a plasma membrane and cell wall

Front 33

prokaryotic cells

Back 33

no nuclei

bacteria and archae

no memb bound organelles

cytoplasm

Front 34

euk cells

Back 34

nucleus

Front 35

organelles

Back 35

small membranous bodies with a specific structure and function

Front 36

diffusion

Back 36

movement of molecules from a higher to lower concentration until equilibrium is achieved and mc are distributed equally

Front 37

osmosis

Back 37

diffusion of water across the plasma membrane of a cell.

high to low

Front 38

tonicity

Back 38

relative concentration of solute (particles) and also of solvent (water) outside the cell compared to inside

Front 39

isotonic solution

Back 39

same concentration of solute (and water) as the cell.

no net movement of water

= 0.9% NaCl

Front 40

hypertonic solution

Back 40

has a higher solute (lower water) concentration than the cell.

/water moves out of cell into solution

Front 41

hypotonic solution

Back 41

has a lower solute (higher water) concentration than the cell.

/Cells placed in hypotonic solution, water moves from solution into the cell.

Front 42

crenation

Back 42

cell shrivels up/ >0.9% NaCl

Front 43

hymolysis

Back 43

cell burts/

< 0.9% NaCl

Front 44

turgor pressure

Back 44

large central vacuole gains and exerts pressure

/ in cytoplasm pushed against wall

HYPOTONIC

Front 45

plasmolysis

Back 45

central vacuole loses water and cytoplasm & chloroplasts pull away from cell wall

HYPERTONIC

Front 46

pH scale

Back 46

range from 0-14

Front 47

buffer

Back 47

system of chemicals that takes up excess hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions as needed

Front 48

reactants

Back 48

mc that undergo a change

Front 49

products

Back 49

results of reactants

Front 50

enzymes

Back 50

organic catalysts that speed reactions

Front 51

specific

Back 51

enzymes speed only one type of reaction

Front 52

catalase

Back 52

speeds breakdown of hydrogen peroxide in all organisms

Front 53

substrate

Back 53

reactants in enymatic chemical reaction

Front 54

degradation

Back 54

substrate broken down

Front 55

synthesis

Back 55

substrates combined

Front 56

active site

Back 56

spot where enzyme and substrate form an enzyme substrate complex

Front 57

peroxisome

Back 57

contains catalase, present in all animals and plants

Front 58

denature

Back 58

enzyme loses original shape and the active site wont function to bring reactants together