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91 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Function of the respiratory cavity
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Brings fresh oxygen into the blood stream and carries an excess of CO2
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Glottis
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With the epiglottis, opens to permit air flow through the larynx into the trachea
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Epiglottis
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Prevents the food from going into the trachea, it covers the glottis when food is swallowed
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Larynx
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The voice box, oval shaped thing at the larynx into the trachea
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Trachea
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Long tube that lead into the lungs
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Esophagus
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Muscular passage way that connects the mouth and oral cavity to stomach (lies beneath trachea)
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Lungs
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receives O2 good air and expels O2 depleted air.
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Bronchi
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embedded in the lungs, trachea split into 2 bronchi that leads to the lungs
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Bronchioles
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tiny, embedded in lungs, bronchi further split into bronchioles which terminate in open sacs called alveoli
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Alveoli
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timy air sacs within the lungs, microscopic
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Diaphragm
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under the lungs it is a twin muscular sheet of tissue and allows the thoracic cavity to expand and compress drawing in fresh air when expanding and expelling stale air with each compression.
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Function of the excretory system
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eliminates the metabolic wastes that the body produces from cell respiration.
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Kidneys
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bean shaped organs on either side of spine, it filters blood from the circulatory system removing metabolic waste products.
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Ureters
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connects kidney to bladder
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Urinary Bladder
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stores urine
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Urethra
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look for this when you do the reproductive system, store urine is eliminated through this and out the urogenital.
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Nephron
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filters wastes (nitrogenous) from the blood while conserving valuable sugar ions and water
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Renal Arteries
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carry blood into kidneys
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Renal Veins
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carry blood out of kidneys
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Function of the reproductive system
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respiration for gametes that will eventually fuse with the corresponding gamete of the opposite sex.
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Ovaries
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paired female gonads located caudal to the kidneys – small and round
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Ovulation
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the time the egg is capable of being fertilized.
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Uterus
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uterine body and uterine horns –where implantation of the embryos occur and extends into the cervix (junction between uterus and vagina
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Vagina
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from the cervix – it is joined by the urethra and the two open into a common chamber called the urogenital sinus and opens to the outside of the body through the urogenital opening
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Urogenital sinus / genital papilla
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handles products of both the urinary and reproductive systems / covers urogenital opening
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Scrotum
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where the scrotal sacs are
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Testes
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found between the base of the kidneys and the scrotal sacs where sperm is produced
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Sperm
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thick and contains mucus and fructose stored in epididymis and produces in the seminiferous tubules.
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Epididymis
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highly coiled system of tubes cupped around each side of the testes
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Vas (ductus) deferens
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travels through this to the urethra
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Urethra
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semen passes through this
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Penis
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where semen is ejaculated
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Seminal Vesicles
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junction between ductus deferens and urethra
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Prostate gland
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lies beneath pubic bone and usually destroyed by dissection. produces part of the fluid component of semen.
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Bulbourethral glands
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lie on each side of urethra these glands contribute fluid to the sperm
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Cardiovascular System Function
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transporting nutrients, gases, hormones, and metbolic wastes
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Pericardial Membrane
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Thin tissue surrounding and protecting the heart
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Pulmonary circuit
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blood path to and from the lungs - deoxygenated blood
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Systemic circuit
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transport of blood to and from all the tissues of the body.- oxygenated blood
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Right and left atrium
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chamber of heart that recieves blood
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right and left ventricle
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chamber of heart that pumps blood
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coronary vessels
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supply blood to the heart muscle
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cranial vena cava
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vein returning deoxygenated blood from the upper part of the body to the right atrium of the heart
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caudal vena cava
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vein returning deoxygenated blood from the lower part of the body to the right atrium of the heart
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pulmonary artery
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carries deoygenated blood from right ventricle of the heart to the lungs
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Pulmonary veins
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carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart
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antrioventricular valves
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prevent backflow from the ventricles into the atria during systole
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aortic semilunar valve
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allows blood to exit the left ventricle arises above the pressure in the aorta
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dorsol aorta
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give branches to the yolk sac
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brachiocephalic vein
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contains the confluence of 4 veins: internal and external jugular, cephalic and subclavian veins
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subclavin vein
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dumbs blood directly into the cranial vena cava
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cephalic vein
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returns blood from each forelimb
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external jugular vein
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leads into the vena cava from neck region
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internal jugular vein
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runs medially along the trachea from the head toward the heart
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common carotid artery
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supplies the head and neck with oxygenated blood
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respiratory system function
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supplying oxygen to the bloodstream and carrying off excess carbon dioxide
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nasal cavities
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behind the nose, conditions air to be recieved by areas of respiratory tract and nose
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glottis
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opening in oral cavity that leads from the nasopharynx to the larynx and trachea
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larynx
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allows mammels to have vocalizations
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trachea
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long tube that prevents collapse as animal inhales
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lungs
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transports oxygen into the bloodstream and releases carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into teh atmosphere
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bronchi
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divided into bronchioles
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umbilical arteries
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carry blood from the fetus to the placenta
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umbilical vein
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carries oxygen and nutrient rich blood to the fetus from the fetal side of teh placenta
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ductus venosus
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shuts most of teh blood flow off the umbilical vein directly to the inferior vena cava
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ductus arteriosus
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connection joining the pulmonary trunk with the aorta and allows part of teh blood from the pulmonary trunk to enter teh aorta instead of flowing to the lungs
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foramen ovale
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aids in reroutingblood to bypass the lungs
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absorption
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the process by which nutrients are taken into cells
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digestion
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the process by which food is physically and chemically broken down into molecules that can be adsorbed by cells
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egestion
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the process of expelling undigested food particles through the anus
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digestive tract
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composed of bile mucus and amniotic fluid
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mouth
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food and air pass through
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pharynx
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air enters into this when breathed in through he nasal passages, space in the back of mouth
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liver
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the largest organ in abdominal region, produces bile which is stored in gall bladder
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gall bladder
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on underside of right lobe of the liver
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spleen
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cleans blood on right side of the stomach
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pancreas
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supports the stomach that produces digestive enzymes and hormones
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stomach
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produces HCL and pepsinogen that aid in the chemical breakdown of food
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small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum)
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digestion and absorbtion take place here and is located near the anus
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large intestine
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aka the colon, just below the stomach
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cranial, superior, anterior
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the front, forward, or head of an animal
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caudal, inferior, posterior
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tail region
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tranverse plane
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a section perpendicular to the long axis of the body seperating the animal in cranail and caudal portions
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sagittal place
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seperates animal into right and left sides
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frontal plane
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divides animal into dorsal and ventral sides
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dorsal
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side of body nearest the backbone
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ventral
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the underside of the pig, nearest the belly
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distal
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point of reference farther form the midline of the body
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proximal
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point of reference nearer to the dorso-ventral mid-line of the body
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thorax
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houses the heart and lungs
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abdomen
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houses major organs like the digestive, excretory, and reporducive organs
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