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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are these cells called and what is their function? |
Parenchyma. Storage of starch produced in photosynthesis. |
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What are these cells and what is their function? |
Sclerenchyma. Filled with lignin, they are dead cells that provide rigid structural support. |
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Collenchyma |
Structural support and flexible. Walls are thinner than sclerenchyma but thicker than parenchyma. No lignin. |
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What are hydrophytic plants? |
Plants that have their stems and leaves either partially or completely submerged in water. |
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What are xerophytic plants? |
Plants that can survive long rainless periods or arid environments. |
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What are the three adaptive strategies xerophytic plants use to survive? |
Succulence, drought tolerance, and drought evasion. |
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Which layer of the leaf membrane is responsible for photosynthesis? |
Palisade mesophyll |
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What is the purpose of the cuticle? |
The waxy coating prevents water loss through epidermal cells and protects the leaf against injury & foreign invasion. |
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What is the lower region of the mesophyll called and what is its purpose? |
Spongy mesophyll. It helps to supply the palisade with nutrients but also helps with photosynthesis. |
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What is pith composed of? |
Parenchymal cells |
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What surrounds stomata and what are their function? |
Guard cells. They open and close depending on pressure. |
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Plants derive all their cells from rapidly dividing zones known as? |
Meristems |
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What are the three types of tissue produced by apical meristems? |
Fundamental, vascular, and epidermal. |
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What division does the female moss gametophyte undergo? |
Meiosis |
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After being released from the sporangium, what division occurs to the spores? |
Mitosis |
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What is the dominant generation of moss? |
Haploid gametophyte |
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What is the haploid structure of a fern gametophyte? |
Prothallus |
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What division occurs after the mature fern sporangium explodes? |
Meiosis |
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What is the dominant generation of ferns? |
Diploid sporophyte |
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Name six types of asexual reproduction of flowering plants. |
Rhizomes. Tubers. Corms. Bulbs. Runners (stolons). Plantlets. |
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What is the difference between bulbs and corms? |
Corms have no storage leaves. Nutrients are stored in the swollen stem. Bulbs have fleshy leaves, like the onion. |
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What are the components of a carpel? |
Ovule, stigma, and style. |
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What are the components of a stamen? |
Anther and filament. |
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What are the two nuclei called that are developed within a pollen grain? |
Generative nucleus and tube nucleus. |
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What divisions occur during male gametophyte development of flowering plants? |
The microsporocyte divides by meiosis into four haploid microspores, which each divide by mitosis into immature pollen grains. |
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What divisions occur during female gametophyte development of flowering plants? |
Megasporocyte divides by meiosis to form four haploid megaspores. Only one will undergo mitosis four times. |
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What cells are found within a mature embryo sac of a flower? |
Integuments, 3 antipodal cells, 2 polar nuclei, 1 egg cell, and 2 synergid cells. |
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What does the generative nucleus divide into? |
Two sperm nuclei. |
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Upon pollination, what do the sperm nuclei do? |
One fuses with the egg cell to form a zygote, the other fuses with the polar nuclei to form a triploid endosperm. |
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What is the function of the endosperm? |
Provide nutrients to the developing embryo. |
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What does the integument eventually become? |
Seed coat |
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What are the five stages of embryo development, in order? |
Pro-embryo, globular, heart-shaped, torpedo, mature. |
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What are the cotyledons? |
Where all the endosperm are absorbed. Essentially waste baskets. |
