Bio Final 3

Front 1

in studying a species of fish a structure is discovered that has no apparent function. If this is a vestigial structure what would you find in at least some relatives of this fish?

Back 1

a similar structure should be present, but it would be larger and have a function.

Front 2

which of the following is a somewhat confusing structure found in humans that is best explained by our evolutionary heritage?

Back 2

tailbone

Front 3

you discover a primate fossil while on an expedition in Africa. which part of the skeleton would you be most interested in examining in order to classify this primate as a human or nonhuman primate?

Back 3

the base of the skull

Front 4

which of the following was likely required in order for life to originate on earth from nonliving molecules?

Back 4

simple molecules present in the early solar system that could assemble into building blocks for complex molecules.

Front 5

what starting material would be required to produce simple organic molecules from nonliving materials?

Back 5

carbon dioxide(CO2), ammonia(NH4), methane(CH4), and phosphates.

Front 6

what aspect of the geology of the galapagos was important in producing the diversity of organisms seen by Darwin?

Back 6

the islands are in a chain

Front 7

which of the following is an example of biological evolution?

Back 7

a species of caterpillar is the same shade of green as the leaves on which it feeds

Front 8

in land mammals the pelvic girdle is the point where the leg bones attach to the rest of the skeleton. Whales also have a small pelvic girdle. This would be an example of what type of evidence for common descent?

Back 8

a vestigial structure

Front 9

how do fossils support the theory of common descent?

Back 9

they are a record of at least some intermediate types of organisms and thus document the process of evolution

Front 10

which of the following is an example of non evolutionary change in a population?

Back 10

an increase in the number of people diagnosed with colon cancer

Front 11

which of the following groupings are in order from broadest to most narrow?

Back 11

class, family, species

Front 12

when a population undergoes strong selection, what happens to it?

Back 12

variation decreases and organism become more similar, the most common type of organism is replaced with a different type, the most common type becomes less common, and less common types become more common, the population becomes extinct

Front 13

a population of caterpillars feed on the leaves of trees in a forest and is in turn food for birds that eat them off the tree leaves/ given this information, which adaption would be mod likely to evolve?

Back 13

caterpillars would evolve to a color that matched the leaves they eat.

Front 14

is it possible to prevent bacteria from becoming resistant to antibiotics?

Back 14

no: by using antibiotics properly we can slow the rate at which resistance appears.

Front 15

which oof the following is the main reason widespread resistance to HIV is not likely to evolve any time soon?

Back 15

only a small percentage of people who arent resistance will become infected and die fromHIV

Front 16

the weather changes the genes of the oak trees each year

Back 16

the genes responsible for color change exist as a number of alleles

Front 17

which of the following variations could be subject to natural selection?

Back 17

a hyena is born with a spotted fur pattern that allows it to hide in the grass better that littermates.

Front 18

in 1980 only 1% to 5% of all staphylococcus aureus isolates were MRSA strains. Now 60% to 70% of S. aureus isolates are MRSA strains. this is an example of

Back 18

directional selection of bacteria

Front 19

what would happen if a mutation created a new allele that decreased fitness?

Back 19

the new allele would decrease the fitness of the individual that possessed it, and that individual would have few or no offspring

Front 20

which of the following is the most direct (or first) result of natural selection on a population

Back 20

the frequency of some alleles changes

Front 21

which of the following plants is the most fit?

Back 21

fitness cant be determined without reference to the environment

Front 22

human females have a lifespan of over 80 years. however the trait of living for 8 decades is somewhat of a puzzle to evolutionary biologists. why might that be?

Back 22

women who live to be 80 dont reproduce more than women who live to be 50

Front 23

in a population which individuals are most likely to survive and reproduce?

Back 23

the individuals who are best adapted to the environment

Front 24

many variants are produced during the long course of an HIV infection. which of these variants would be most fit in the environment of the human body?

Back 24

a virus that cant be recognized by the patients immune system

Front 25

traits acted on by sexual selection

Back 25

sometimes appear to have no relation to fitness

Front 26

when geographic isolation occurs, under what conditions might you expect the most rapid speciation?

Back 26

when the climate is very different in the two location

Front 27

many lines of evidence suggest that human populations arent distinct races. what keeps us so similar even thought adaptations to local conditions have occurred?

Back 27

members of different population mate with each other.

Front 28

where can you find the most genetically diverse populations of humans?

Back 28

africa

Front 29

you read that the frequency of a particular disease associated recessive allele is 12% what does that mean?

Back 29

for every 100 people there are 12 copies of the allele

Front 30

place these categories in the correct order, from most inclusive to least inclusive.

Back 30

domain, kingdom, phylum, species.

Front 31

there are number of sites around the world that have been made uninhabitable because of chemical pollution in the soil. which group of organisms might be a useful tool in breaking down these toxic compounds?

Back 31

fungi

Front 32

you work for an insecticide company thats looking for a molecule that will attract wasps into traps. in which kingdom will you look first?

Back 32

plants

Front 33

how could a molecule from bacteria that causes a persistent infection be useful as a pharmaceutical?

Back 33

it could be used to suppress an overactive immune system

Front 34

which of the following is true of individuals who are well adapted for particular environment?

Back 34

they may or may not be equally fit in another environment