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104 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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__ is both protracted and not resolvable
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Chronic stress
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Liver damage, leading to cirrhosis, can be caused by prolonged exposure to ___
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Alcohol
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Due to its anti-inflammatory effect, __is used in the treatment of severe itching.
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Hydrocortisone
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In the article "Depression's Upside", the author discussed the hypothesis of the evolution of depression known as __
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Analytical rumination
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A 2005 study found that people who received cognitive therapy had a __ percent chance of relapse within a year when therapy was discontinued
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31
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Cocaine is derived from ___
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Coca leafs
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T/F People with Down Syndrome lack a copy of chromosome 21
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False
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Cocaine affects the pleasure center of the brain known as (the) __
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Nucleus accumbens
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Approximately 10% of ___ cases occur in the familial form
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Clinical depression
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__ is the normal, unstressed state of the body
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Homeostasis
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People who suffer from Asian flush have ____ alcohol tolerance compared to most of the population
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Extremely low
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In Asian flush the genetic variations in the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase leads to rapid accumulation of _____
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Acetaldehyde
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The capacity for intense focus lies within the _____ area of the brain
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Prefrontal Cortex
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Alcohol affects the ____, which can impair the formation of new memories and lead to "blackouts."
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Hippocampus
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The ____ is found in both reptile and human brains
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Limbic System
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Plants produce caffeine to serve as a(n) ___
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Insecticide
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In additional to adrenalin, the other important stress hormone is __
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Cortisol
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__ is both resolvable and beneficial to the organism experiencing the stress
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Eustress
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The nucleus accumbens is part of the ___
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Mesolimbic tract
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The active, addictive ingredient in tobacco is __
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Nicotine
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___ is the hormone that is responsible for triggering the "fight or flight" response
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Adrenalin
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Cocaine is produced in the leaves of the _____ plant as an insecticide
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Coca
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Homeostasis, which is necessary for digestion and nutrient absorption, is maintained by the ___
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Parasympathetic nervous system
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Adrenalin is a hormone produced by the ____
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Adrenal medulla
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Hangover symptoms are caused by accumulation of ________ in the blood
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Acetaldehyde
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Cortisol is a stress hormone produced by the ___
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Adrenal cortex
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Successful individuals are __ as likely as people in the general population to suffer from major depressive illness
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8 times
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Basic emotions, such as fear and anger, are controlled by the ___
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Limbic system
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The symptoms of caffeine intoxication include ____
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Muscle twitching, Insomnia, Restlessness, Rapid heart beat
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SSRI is an abbreviation for serotonin specific _____ inhibitor
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Reuptake
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The second phase of human response to psychological stress is __
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Resistance
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Alcohol is converted by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase to _______, which is responsible for hangover symptoms
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Acetaldehyde
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As many as 80% of new mothers experience ______ at some level
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Baby blues
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What is the type of memory that involves major life events
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Autobiographical memory
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One of the key function of the hippocampus is ____
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Long-term memory formation
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What was Kim Peek's limitation
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Abstract thinking, Motor coordination, Social interactions
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Long-term memory is caused by changes in neuronal responses to ___
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Neurotransmitters
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What is the other brain region other than the amygdala also plays a role in PTSD
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Prefrontal cortex
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What is the name for visual sensory memory
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Iconic memory
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What is Stephen Wiltshire's talent
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Eidetic memory
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Alcohol blackout is a form of ___
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Anterograde amnesia
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What is cerebellum's cognitive function
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Attention and language
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Declarative memory is also known as ___
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Extrinsic memory
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Spatial memory is utilized by the brain region in the ___
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Prefrontal cortex
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CLOCK and cryptochrome genes provide the genetic regulation for ___
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Endogenous circadian clock
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Individual variations in circadian rhytms are known as ____
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Chronotypes
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One of the possible treatment for jet lag is by taking melatonin and ___
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Light therapy
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What is the "sleepy" hormone that leads night sleep
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Melatonin
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How long is REM sleep each night
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2 hours
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Differences in individual sleep cycle are known as ____
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Chronotypes
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What is the result of insufficient sleep
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Sleep debt
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The endometrium breakdown occurs during the _____ phase
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Menstrual
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Extreme precocious puberty is caused by tumor of the ___
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Pituitary
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How long is the menstrual cycle
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28 days
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Biological rhythms that are less than 24 hours are known as_____ rhythm
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Ultradian
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Where is the site for the production of gonadotropins
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Pituitary gland
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Photosensitive ganglion cells are receptors for __
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Zeitgebers
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The pineal gland secretes_____ in the regulation of circadian rhythm
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Melatonin
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Dyschronosis is a medical term for ___
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Jet lag
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What is the "sleepy" hormone that leads night sleep
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Melatonin
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There are _____ different stages of sleep each night
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4
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Sleep is also induced by decreasing ___
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Core temperature
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The endometrium is important for the ____
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Implantation of the blastocyst
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When does estrogen production decline
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After ovaluation
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Where does fertilization occur
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Fallopian tube
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The master hormone is __
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Gonadotropin releasing hormone
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Which one of the following is an infradian rhythm
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Seasonal migration
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The function of progesterone in oral contraception is to ____
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Prevent ovulation
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Dominic O'Brien's memory method is known as the ___
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Journey method
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What is the neurological function of the amygdala
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Emotion
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What was Kim Peek's talent
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Eidetic memory
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Long-term memory is formed by alteration of _____ in the neurons
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Electrical activities
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What is the main feature of semantic memory
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Symbolic representations
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Unprocessed sensory information is known as ___
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Sensory memory
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Alcohol intoxication can lead to complete memory loss known as ___
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Blackout
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In Alzheimer's disease, the first memory loss is _____memory
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Semantic
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Which parts of Clive Wearing's brain were destroyed
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Hippocampus, temporal lobe, frontal lobe
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What are the two types of declarative memory
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Episodic and semantic
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Slow-wave sleep is important for ____
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Declarative memory
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CLOCK and cryptochrome genes provide the genetic regulation for ____
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Endogenous circadian clock
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Delayed or advanced sleep phase disorders is a form of ______ circadian rhythm sleep disorder
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Intrinsic
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One of the prominent features in NREM sleep stage 2 is ___
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Sleep spindle
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How many stages in NREM sleep
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3
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The hormone that is responsible for inducing sleep is known as ___
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Melatonin
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Optimal sleep for most human adults is ___ hours
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7.5
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Endometreosis is a painful condition of ____
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Misplaced endometrium
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What is an example of covert menstruation
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Estrus cycle
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Lactation is a common cause of ____
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Amenorrhoea
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Where is the site for the production of gonadotropins
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Pituitary gland
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One of the best predictors of chronotypes is __
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Body temperature
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The average body temperature is lowest at ___ in a normal circadian rhythm
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4:30 AM
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Deepest sleep in the human sleep cycle occurs during ____
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NREM sleep stage 3
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Brainwaves are measured by ___
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EEG
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Your sleep pattern is governed by __
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Circadian rhythm
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The endometrium is the lining of the ____ wall
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Uterine
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Endometreosis is a painful condition of ___
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Misplaced endometrium
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Ovulation is triggered by __
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Leutinizing hormone
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The "pregnancy" hormone is ___
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Progesterone
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Which one of the following is an infradian rhythm
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Seasonal migration
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What is the master clock for regulating menstrual cycle
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Suprachiasmatic nucleus
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The main feature of the endometrium is ___
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Blood vessel rich
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One of the effects of estrogen during the menstrual cycle is to __`
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Promote proliferation of endometrium
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Egg development is stimulated by ___`
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Follicle-stimulating hormone
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- prolong arching of back with head and heels bent backward
- indicates meningeal irritation |
Opisthotonos
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