Bio Dna

Front 1

Dna

Back 1

Contains instructions used in devlopment and functioning of all living organisms

Front 2

Genome

Back 2

Complete set of genetic informstion for organism

Front 3

Rna

Back 3

Crucial for taking dna instructions and making protiens that run the cell

Front 4

Monomer

Back 4

Nucleotide

Made of phosphate group, pentose sugar (deoxyribose or ribose), nitrogenous base

Front 5

Polymer

Back 5

Polynucleotide

Front 6

Directionality

Back 6

Twp ends 3' and 5'

3 ends in sugar

5 ends in phosphate

Front 7

Dna polymerese

Back 7

Requires 3' OH to add nucleotide

Builds dna strand by adding nucleotides to 3 end

Front 8

Complementary base pairs

Back 8

Specific base pairing

A-T C-G

Front 9

Dna replication

Back 9

Occurs before cell division in the nucleous

Front 10

Helicase

Back 10

Unwinds double helix and seperates dna strands

Front 11

Topoisomerase

Back 11

Releaves cpiling ahead of replication fork

Front 12

DNA polymerses lll

Back 12

Needs existing strand of dna to start dna synthesis at 3' end

Front 13

Primase

Back 13

Builds a primer a short rna molecule complementary to template

Front 14

Leasing strand

Back 14

Continous dna synthesis on strand made toward replication fork following helicase

Front 15

Lagging strand

Back 15

Discontinous dna synthesis, mulitple primers, conposed pf okazaki fragments

Front 16

Dna pol 1

Back 16

Removes rna primers and fills gap in with nucleotides

Front 17

Dna ligase

Back 17

Connects final bond of two okazaki fragments where dna pol 1 filled in gap

Front 18

Telomeres

Back 18

Ends of chromosome

Streches of repeated bases that do not contain genes

Protective caps to prevent dna shortening

Front 19

Germaline cells

Back 19

Stem cell, sperm and egg cells, embryonic cells

Contain telomeres that replicate telomores

Front 20

Mismatch repair system

Back 20

Removes and replaces incorrectly paired nucleotides resulting from replication errors

Front 21

Endonuclease

Back 21

Gut out mistakes

Front 22

Excision repair

Back 22

Replaces damage done by mutagens thay occur after cell divsion including uv light

Front 23

Nucleosome

Back 23

8 histones

Front 24

Solenoid

Back 24

Nuclesome wrapped up

Front 25

Looped domains

Back 25

Solenoid bind to lamin proteins of nuclear lamin

Front 26

Metaphase chromosome

Back 26

Only seen during cell divison

One very long dna molecule

Front 27

Hayflick limit

Back 27

Limit of 40 cell divisons average before cell death

Front 28

Single sttand binding protiens

Back 28

Stablize template strand and stop strans from pairing up