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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
mammals are characterized by hair and _____
mammary glands
the outer layer of the cerebum that is the center of thinking
cerebral cortex
mammals that lay eggs
monotremes
the primate group of small, nocturnal primates with large eyes adapted to seeing in the dark belong
prosimians
primate group in which the only living members are humans
hominids
the layer of fat located beneath the skin
subcutaneous fat
a stomach chamber in which newly swallowed plant food is stored and processed
rumen
a powerful muscle that pulls the bottom of the chest cavity downward, pulling air into the lungs
diaphragm
mammals that bear live young the complete their development in a pouch
marsupials
a structure formed when an embryo's tissues join with tissues from the mother's body
placenta
the ability to merge visual images from both eyes
binocular vision
members of the primate include monkeys, apes, and humans
anthropoids
a tail that can coil around a branch
prehensive tail
the evolution of ____, or two foot, locomotion freed hands to use tools
bipedal
the hominid hand evolved a ___ that enabled grasping objects and using tools
opposable thumb
decription of a notochord
a flexible, supporting structure
the rapid diversification of species as they adapt to new conditions is
adaptive radiation
ectotherms
1) environment determines body temp
2) animals have low metabolic rates
3) includes reptiles, fishes and amphibians
4) does NOT include birds and mammals
endotherms get rid of excess heat by ___
panting or sweating
alveoli are located in the
lungs
the way an animal reacts to changes within itself or its environment
behavior
a single, specific reaction to a stimulus
response
animals that change behavior as a result of experience
learning
an animals learns to make a mental connection between a stimulus and a reward or punishment
classical conditioning
a behavioral cycle that occurs in a daily pattern
circadian rhythms
a specific area that is occupied and protected by an animal
territory
the passing of information from one organism to another is called
communication
the system of communication that only humans are known to use
language
t/f: a stimulus is any kind of signal that carries information and can be detected
true
t/f: an innate behavior is an instinct
true
t/f: insight learning occurs when an animal stops its response to a repetitive stimulus that is harmless
false; habituation
t/f: ducklings exhibit *operant conditioning* when they follow the first moving object they see
false; imprinting
t/f: migration is the periodic movement from one place to another and back again
true
t/f: in learning, an individual sends out stimuli in order to attract a member of the opposite sex
false; courtship
t/f: aggression is the threatening behavior that one animal uses to gain control over another
true