Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
local hormones
|
Produced by many cells, functions:
-Umbilical cord arterial constriction -Stimulate uterine contraction -Contribute to inflammation -Stimulate pain receptors |
|
|
Endocrine hormones
|
-Are released in response to stimuli inside or outside the body
-Released by glands that make up the endocrine system -Travel through the circulatory system to reach target cells |
|
|
3 types of hormones
|
Amino acids, peptides, and steroids
|
|
|
Amino acid-based hormones
|
synthesized from single amino acids
|
|
|
Peptide hormones
|
made from chains of amino acids
|
|
|
Steroid hormones
|
made from cholesterol, are lipid soluble
|
|
|
Endocrine glands
|
-Are ductless and secrete their hormones within the body
-Secretions are released into interstitial spaces, enter capillaries, and are transported through the circulatory system to distant sites |
|
|
the hypothalumus
|
-controls the secretions of the pituitary gland
-release (stimulate) or inhibit (cut off) hormone (production) |
|
|
Anterior Pituitary Hormones
|
-The anterior lobe produces peptide hormones
-Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH); sex hormones -Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) -Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH); causes adrenal cortex to release cortisol -Prolactin; mammary gland during pregnancy -Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH); skin pigment -growth hormone |
|
|
Thyroid Gland
|
-lies at the front of the neck just below the larynx
-secretes Thyroxine and Calcitonin |
|
|
under-secretion during development can cause:
|
cretinism, mental/physical retardation
|
|
|
iodine deficiencies cause:
|
goiters
|
|
|
Insulin and Glucagon
|
Work in opposition to each other to regulate carbohydrate and fat metabolism
|
|
|
the Pancreas
|
-is an endocrine and exocrine gland
-exocrine portion: synthesizes digestive secretions that are released into the small intestine -endocrine portion: consists of islet cell clusters that produce the hormones insulin and glucagon |
