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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Preservatives such as citric acid are added to foods to interfere with bacterial growth. This creates an acidic pH in the food. Why does this affect the bacteria that are present?
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An acidic environment causes bacterial enzymes to denature.
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Carrier molecules in the plasma membrane are only required for active transport. True or False
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False
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What is the ultimate source of energy for most forms of life on Earth
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solar energy
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If red blood cells are taken from the body and placed in a hypertonic solution, what happens to the cells
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The cells shrivel up because water leaves the cells.
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Energy that is not converted to useful energy is usually given off as
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heat.
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The cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells contains
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enzymes.
organelles. dissolved nutrients. water. |
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A "high-energy" bond in an ATP molecule is located between
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two phosphate groups.
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Which organelle does one expect to be most abundant in cardiac muscle cells
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mitochondria
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A biologist ground up some plant cells and then centrifuged the mixture. She obtained some organelles from the pellet in the test tube that took up CO2 and gave off O2. The organelles are most likely
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chloroplasts.
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Carbon dioxide crosses the plasma membrane by simple diffusion. What determines the rate at which carbon dioxide enters the cell?
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the concentration of carbon dioxide on each side of the membrane
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Energy is defined as the capacity to do work. True or False
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True
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How does a cell rid itself of defective or malfunctioning organelles
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Lysosomes assist in the removal of defective organelles by digesting them.
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All of the following are components of the modern cell theory except
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Bacterial cells are eukaryotic.
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Beaker A has a 10% sucrose solution, and beaker B has an 8% sucrose solution
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Beaker B is hypotonic the Beaker A
Beaker A is hypertonic to Beaker B |
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Which of the following types of membrane proteins are responsible for connecting cells to each other
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receptor proteins
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Cells that primarily produce steroid hormones, such as testosterone and estrogen, for export have large quantities of
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smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
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The burning of sugar is an example of an endergonic reaction and photosynthesis is an example of an exergonic reaction. True or False?
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False
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In general, which of the following is largely responsible for moving substances across the plasma membrane, communicating with other cells and identifying the cell?
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proteins
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Protein channels that provide passage for hormones and nutrients between animal cells are termed
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gap junctions.
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Phospholipids...
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are found in cell membranes.
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During photosynthesis, plants convert light energy to chemical energy. This is an illustration of
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the first law of thermodynamics
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You fill a shallow tray with water and place a drop of red ink in one end of the tray and a drop of green ink in the other end. Which of the following is TRUE at equilibrium?
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The red and green inks are both uniformly distributed throughout the tray.
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Why are enzymes important?
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allow reactions to occur at body temperature
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Drugs that inhibit microtubules will
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stop organelle movement.
inhibit cell division. kill the cell. prevent the formation of new cilia and flagella. |
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The blood plasma of a man who drinks saltwater will become ________ to his red blood cells, whereas the red blood cells (after exposure to salt water) will be ________ to the blood plasma.
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hypertonic; hypotonic
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Active transport requires
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A. a gradient.
B. transport proteins. C. ATP. D. a membrane. |
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Which process accounts for the movement of solids into some animal cells?
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phagocytosis
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Only eukaryotic cells obtain energy and nutrients from the environment. True or False?
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False
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Adhesion of animal tissues is accomplished by cell-to-cell junctions called
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desmosomes.
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Which of the following functions as a biological catalyst?
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enzyme
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Competitive and noncompetitive enzyme inhibitors differ with respect to
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the precise location on the enzyme to which they bind.
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Fibers of the cytoskeleton are composed primarily of
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proteins
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What is the function of a plant cell vacuole
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support of the cell
storage of wastes |
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Ribosomes are the site of synthesis of
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proteins.
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What structural feature of a leaf allows a leaf to obtain CO2 from the air
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stomata
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NADPH is synthesized during which of the following reactions
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during the light-dependent reactions only
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Where is glucose synthesized?
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stroma
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In C4 photosynthesis, where does the carbon come from to synthesize glucose
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enzymes
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The pigment(s) that absorb light energy to drive photosynthesis is/are
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carotenoids.
chlorophyll. |
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During photosynthesis when is CO2 is utilized
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during the light-independent reactions only
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Glucose is made during which of the following reactions
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light-independent reactions only
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In the C3 cycle, where does the carbon come from to form glucose?
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from atmospheric CO2
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You are carrying out an experiment on an aquatic plant in your fish tank. You decide to expose the plant to varying wavelengths of light to determine which wavelength is best for the light dependent reactions. Which of the following products could you measure to determine what wavelength of light is optimum for the light dependent reactions
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oxygen bubbles
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What factors influence the rate of photosynthesis
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A. light intensity
B. temperature C. water availability D. CO2 |
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Chemiosmosis in mitochondria directly results in the synthesis of
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ATP.
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The cristae of the mitochondria can be compared functionally to the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast because both contain a system for
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electron transport.
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Why do you breathe more heavily during exercise
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because your cells are producing more CO2
because your cells need more O2 |
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After fermentation, lactic acid is converted to pyruvic acid in the
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muscles.
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In the first reaction of glycolysis, glucose receives a phosphate group from ATP. This reaction is
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endergonic.
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The products of the Krebs cycle include
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energy carriers.
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In human cells (muscle cells) the fermentation process produces
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lactic acid.
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Products of the fermentation process can include
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A. ethanol.
B. carbon dioxide. C. lactic acid. |
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Which of the following processes involve(s) citric acid
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Krebs cycle
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Where does the synthesis of pyruvic acid occur during glycolysis
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fluid portion of the cytoplasm
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