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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The whole purpose of mitotic cell division was to...
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make more cells
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the cells that are made through the process of mitosis are not exacly the same as eachother - True or False
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False
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What phase of Mitosis comes after Metaphase?
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Anaphase
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The center piece between two cromatids...
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-Called the Centromere
-Holds chromatids together |
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This occurs when you cut your finger and it heals.
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Mitosis
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Crossing over occurs during
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Prophase I of Meiosis
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Meiosis I, Prophase I
involves |
Crossing over
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Meiosis I, Anaphase I
involves |
separation of homologous pairs
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Meisis II, Anaphase II
involves |
separation of chromatids
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What is the point of crossing over?
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to create diversity, new combinations of genes
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By the end of Meiosis I...
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Crossing over has occurred and separation of the homologous pairs has occurred
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If a parent cell has 56 chormosomes, following mitosis each daughter cell will have _ chromosomes
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56
-Mitosis makes identical cells |
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If a parent cell has 46 chromosomes and undergoes meiosis, wach daughter cell will have _ chromosomes
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23
-Meiosis yields unique and different cells |
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Pleiotropy
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when one gne has more than one effect
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What types of bans are found between complementary bas pairs?
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Hydrogen
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How does DNA differ from RNA
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-DNA is double stranded
-DNA has thyamine, RNA has uracil -There is only one type of DNA with 3 types of RNA |
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What are the three types of RNA
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rRNA: ribosomal RNA, part of riosomes
mRNA: messenger RNA, transmits messages tRNA: transfer RNA, carrier |
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Once you have made mRNA is it ready to be sent to the cytoplasm to make proteins?
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NO - it has to go through the maturation process first
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What is an intron
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piece of DNA that doesn't code
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What is an Exon
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A gene that does code for protein product
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The final step in gene expression is....
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Tanslation
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Where does a germ-line mutation take place?
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in the gametes
-inherited -ex. Tay Sachs |
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Somatic Mutations
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occur after you're born
-not inherited -caused by carcinogen -in non-gametic cells |
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Point Mutations
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Insert or delete one nucleotide
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Frame Shift
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Inser or delete a chain of nucleotides
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Adenine attaches to...
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Thyamine
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Guanine attaches to...
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Cytosine
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The amount of _ relative to _ varies from species to species.
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A to G
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What are the phases of cell reproduction
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Interphase
Prophase Metaphase Anaphase |
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What happens during the prophase
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chromosomes are condensed into sister chromatids
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What happens during the metaphase?
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The chromatids line up at the equator
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what happens during the anaphase?
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sister chromatids separate, spindle fibers shorten
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What happens during the telephase?
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chromatids condense to chromatin, nuclear envelope reforms and surrounds the chromatids, spindle fibers break down
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Who was the father of genetics?
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Gregor Mendel
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P1 generation are the....
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Parents
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What are the two laws developed by Mendel?
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Laws of segregation & Law of independent assortment
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Unattached or attached earlobes - which is dominant
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Unattached
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3 parts to law of segregation
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-different traits result from two genetic elements (alleles)
-the elements separate during egg/sperm formation -earch sperm/egg gets only one element |
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A pair of sister chromatids are held together at the...
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Centromere
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If you wanted to block the action of the spindle apparatus, you would need something that interfered with the activity of which of the following items...
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Microtubules
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Cytokinesis in plant cells differs from the process in animal cells because in plant cells...
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the golgi apparatus produces vesicles containing cellulose, that migrate along microtubules and fuse to become a cell plate.
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When during mitosis do the chromosomes condense?
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Prophase
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M
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Cell Division
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G2
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Synthesis of protein
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G1
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Organelles increase in number
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Daughter cells produced by mitosis...
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are genetically identical to the parent cell
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G0
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Metabolically active, but resting
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S
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duplication of DNA
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