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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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opposite of cellular respiration |
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anabolic (A+B -> C) building up catabolic (C -> A+B) breaking down |
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hydrolysis reaction |
breaks water |
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condensation reaction |
makes water |
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oxidation |
losing electrons (especially to Oxygen) |
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reduction |
gaining electrons (usually from Hydrogen) |
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phosphorylation |
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dephosphorylation |
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draw the graph of an exergonic reaction |
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draw the graph of an endergonic reaction |
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reactions |
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example of endergonic reaction |
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draw a picture of a cofactor |
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draw a picture of an allosteric modulator |
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draw a picture of a competitive inhibitor |
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4 steps to cellular respiration and their location |
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draw a mitochondria and label the 4 steps to cellular respiration |
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draw a flowchart with the products of each step |
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glycolysis chemical reactions |
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glycolysis characteristics |
2 ATP in, 4 ATP out, net production of 2 ATP
produces 2 NADH |
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draw the glycolysis flowchart |
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show the net numbers of glycolysis |
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write pyruvate decarboxylation chemical reaction |
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pyruvate decarboxylation characteristics |
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draw the pyruvate decarboxylation flowchart |
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show the net numbers of pyruvate decarboxylation |
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write the citric acid cycle chemical reaction |
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citric acid cycle characteristics |
aka Kreb's cycle occurs in mitochondrial matrix |
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draw the citric acid cycle flowchart |
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show the net numbers of the citric acid cycle |
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electron transport chain characteristics |
"final energy harvest" |
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draw the ETC flowchart |
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NADH and FADH ATPs |
2.5 ATP and 1.5 ATP |
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draw the electron transport chain |
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write the electron transport chain chemical reaction |
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show the net numbers of the ETC |
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write the net total of cellular respiration |
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explain fermentation |
without O2, NADH & FADH concentrations increase |
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draw the flowchart for fermentation |
no O2 shuts down all cellular respiration NADH unusable in ETC pyruvate unusable in pyruvate decarboxylation NADH and pyruvate converted to lactate
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draw a quick flowchart of fermentation inside a cell |
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fat catabolism explanation |
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draw the steps of fat catabolism |
end up with glycerol and 3 fatty acids |
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fatty acid catabolism explanation |
single fat makes about 300 ATP |
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draw the steps of fatty acid catabolism |
2 C are cut off at a time by beta oxidation
single fat makes about 300 ATP |
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ketosis and acidosis explanation |
hap. when body uses lots of fats as fuel ketones are slightly acidic, problem in type 1 diabetes, without insulin carbohydrates can't be catabolized leads to ketoacidosis |
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two ketone bodies and how they're formed |
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protein catabolism explanation |
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draw the steps of protein catabolism |
urea is the primary excretion of kidneys |
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draw the steps of carbohydrate catabolism and anabolism |
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draw glycogen catabolism in the liver |
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draw glycogen catabolism in the skeletal muscle |
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difference between liver and skeletal muscle glycogen catabolism |
skeletal muscle can't release glucose-6-phosphate into blood because it doesn't have glucose-6-phosphotase can only use in the muscle where it was stored glycogen can't move to help other body parts liver can release its glycogen stores into the blood as glucose |
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draw the steps of fatty acid synthesis |
palmitic acid is a completely saturated fatty acid |
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draw the steps of fat and phospholipid synthesis |
glycerol backbone gets two fatty acids attached phosphate knocked off by another fatty acid and becomes fat or turns into a phospholipid |
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protein synthesis explanation |
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draw the steps of protein synthesis |
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draw the flowchart of anabolic and catabolic pathways |
one way steps: once amino acids are deaminated, they can't return to amino acids pyruvate and acetyl CoA can't return |
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draw the flowchart of glucose into changing to fat |
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draw the flowchart of fats turning to glucose |
-fatty acids can't become glucose -two glycerols needed to make glucose -ketones are an alternative to glucose |
