Bio 219: Map #10 Respiratory System 1 And 2

Front 1

The following is a list of some airways.

1. secondary bronchus
2. bronchioles
3. alveolar ducts
4. primary bronchus
5. respiratory bronchiole
6. alveoli
7. terminal bronchiole

The order in which air passes through is

Back 1

4, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 6.

Front 2

_____ has a greater partial pressure in the pulmonary capillaries than in the alveoli, so it diffuses into the _____.

Back 2

CO₂; alveoli

Front 3

Which gas law explains why there is as much CO2 exchanged between the alveoli and blood as there is O2 exchanged, despite the fact that the partial pressure difference is so much smaller for CO2?

Back 3

Henry's Law

Front 4

How would the partial pressures of O2 and CO2 change in an exercising muscle?

Back 4

The partial pressure of O2 would decrease, and the partial pressure of CO2 would increase.

Front 5

Which way would O2 and CO2 diffuse during internal respiration?

Back 5

O2 would diffuse into the cells, and CO2 would diffuse into the systemic capillaries.

Front 6

Internal and external respiration depends on several factors. Which of the following is NOT an important factor in gas exchange?
a. rate of blood flow through the tissue
b. partial pressure of the gases
c. available surface area
d. the molecular weight of the gas

Back 6

d. the molecular weight of the gas

Front 7

Boyle's Law of Gases states that

Back 7

if the volume goes up, the pressure goes down

Front 8

All of these muscle participate in inspiration except:
a. scalenes
b. external intercostals
c. internal intercostals
d. diaphragm

Back 8

c. internal intercostals

Front 9

Which of these does not contribute to vital capacity?
a. inspiratory reserve volume
b. expiratory reserve volume
c. residual volume
d. tidal volume

Back 9

c. residual volume

Front 10

Boyle's law states that gas volume is

Back 10

inversely proportional to pressure

Front 11

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,

Back 11

the volume of the thorax increases.

Front 12

When there is no air movement, the relationship between the intrapulmonary and atmospheric pressure is that

Back 12

they are equal

Front 13

The term _____ describes the result from an injury that permits air to leak into the intrapleural space.

Back 13

pneumothorax

Front 14

_____ is the amount of air that moves into the respiratory system during a single respiratory cycle.

Back 14

Tidal volume

Front 15

_____ is the amount of air that you can inhale above the resting tidal volume.

Back 15

Inspiratory reserve volume

Front 16

If a patient being tested inhales as deeply as possible and then exhales as much as possible, the volume of air expelled would be the patient's

Back 16

vital capacity

Front 17

_____ equals the respiratory rate × (tidal volume – anatomic dead space).

Back 17

Alveolar ventilation rate

Front 18

Air moves out of the lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is

Back 18

greater than the pressure in the atmosphere.

Front 19

Which of the following can be calculated if the tidal volume and respiratory rate are known?

Back 19

respiratory minute volume

Front 20

What is the relationship between the pressures at label "3"?

Back 20

P outside > P inside

Front 21

True/False: The volume of air that can be forcefully expelled from the lungs following a normal exhalation is termed expiratory reserve volume.

Back 21

true

Front 22

Which of these changes will decrease the effectiveness of gas exchange across the respiratory membrane?
a. increased thickness of the respiratory membrane
b. increased number of alveoli
c. increased difference in partial pressures
d. All of these changes will decrease the effectiveness of gas exchange across the respiratory membranes.

Back 22

a. increased thickness of the respiratory membrane

Front 23

Henry's law states that

Back 23

the volume of gas that will dissolve in a solvent is proportional to the solubility of the gas and the gas pressure.

Front 24

Dalton's law states that

Back 24

in a mixture of gases such as air, the total pressure is the sum of the individual partial pressures of the gases in the mixture.

Front 25

If the hemoglobin molecules in a blood sample each had a single oxygen molecule bound to it on average, the saturation is ____

Back 25

25%

Front 26

Most oxygen is transported in the blood stream while it is _____.

Back 26

bound to hemoglobin

Front 27

Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is transported as

Back 27

carbonic acid/bicarbonate ions

Front 28

The most important chemical regulator of respiration is

Back 28

carbon dioxide

Front 29

Which of the following factors would increase the amount of oxygen discharged by hemoglobin to peripheral tissues?
a. decreased amounts of DPG
b. increased tissue Po₂
c. decreased temperature
d. decreased pH
e. none of the above

Back 29

d. decreased pH

Front 30

Which statement about the chloride shift is false?
a. causes RBCs to swell
b. depends on the chloride-bicarbonate counter transporter
c. involves a movement of bicarbonate ions into the plasma
d. involves a movement of chloride ion into RBCs
e. is driven by a rise in Pco₂

Back 30

a. causes RBCs to swell

Front 31

Carbonic anhydrase
a. can decrease the amount of bicarbonate ion in plasma
b. is an enzyme
c. can increase the amount of bicarbonates ion in plasma
d. is in RBCs
e. all of the above

Back 31

e. all of the above

Front 32

Which of the following would be greater?
a. the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.6
b. the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.2
c. neither is greater

Back 32

a. the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the pH is 7.6

Front 33

Which of the following would be greater?
a. the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the temperature is 38 degrees centigrade
b. the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the temperature is 43 degrees centigrade
c. neither is greater

Back 33

a. the percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin when the temperature is 38 degrees centigrade

Front 34

Which of the following would be greater?
a. hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is high
b. hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is low
c. neither is greater

Back 34

b. hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is low

Front 35

Which of the following is greatest?
a. the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in expired air
b. the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in inspired air
c. the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood
d. the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in venous blood
e. the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in alveolar air

Back 35

d. the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in venous blood

Front 36

The respiratory centers are located in

Back 36

both the medulla oblongata and the pons

Front 37

The Hering-Breuer reflex

Back 37

protects the lungs from damage due to overinflation.

Front 38

Blocking afferent action potentials from the chemoreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies would interfere with the brain's ability to regulate breathing in response to

Back 38

changes in PCO₂, PO₂, and pH