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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Endotherm |
Maintain steady body temp by metabolically-generated heat |
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Ectotherm |
Metabolism is not used for thermoregulation |
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Convection |
Transfer of heat energy to a moving intermediate |
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Conduction |
Direct transfer of heat between two stationary objects |
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Suspension feeders |
Filter+eat particles many times smaller than themselves |
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Substrate feeders |
Live in what they consume |
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Fluid feeders |
Can be parasitic or nectar feeders |
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Bulk feeders |
Eat large [pieces] of food w/ adapted mouth parts |
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Bile |
A mix of substances that emulsifies fats to ease their absorption |
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Insulin |
Causes glucose to be stored in liver+muscle cells as glycogen |
Blood glucose goes down |
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Glucagon |
Causes glycogen to break down |
Blood glucose goes up |
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Arterioles |
Small vessels that split blood flow towards the capillaries |
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Venules |
Collect blood from multiple beds of capillaries |
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Veins |
Carry blood to heart |
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Arteries |
Carry high pressure blood away from heart |
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Diastole |
Relaxation of a heart chamber |
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Systole |
Contraction of heart cavity(s) |
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Vasodilation |
Widening of blood vessels near the surface of the skin |
Usually warms skin |
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Enzymatic hydrolysis |
The process of breaking macromolecule bonds through the addition of water |
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Gastric juice |
Digestive fluid secreted by the stomach |
Comprised of HCl and a protease |
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Protease |
Protein digesting enzyme |
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Single circulation |
A circulatory arrangement where blood passes through the heart once per circuit |
In bony fishes, rays, and sharks |
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Double circulation |
Blood is first sent to lungs, then rest of body using a single two-sided heart |
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Cardiac output |
Volume of blood pumped/minute. Determined by heart rate and stroke volume |
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Semilunar valves |
Block back flow into ventricle |
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Atrioventricular (AV) valve |
Blocks back flow into atrium |
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Cardiac cycle |
Complete contraction and relaxation cycle of the heart |
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Sinoatrial node |
The pace maker |
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Carbonic acid |
A method of CO2 transport, low [CO2] at lungs allows the CO2 to diffuse out of the blood |
H2CO3 -> CO2 + H2O |
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ADH |
Controls volume of urine produced by the kidney(s) by adding aquaporins to collecting duct so more water returns to blood |
Increased osmolarity stimulates release of ADH in brain |
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RAS System |
Regulates blood pressure by decreasing blood vessel diameter |
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