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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 3 subatomic particles?
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-protons- positively charged particles in the nucleus of an atom.
-neutrons-part. in nucl. w/ no charge but weight -electons- neg. charge found outside atom. Weightless |
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element
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substances comprised of atoms that all have the same atomic number. Each element has its own symbol:
H=Helium |
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atomic number
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the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
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atomic mass
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the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.
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isotope
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one of the several atomic forms of an element, each with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, thus differing in atomic mass
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valence electons
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electrons in the outermost shell (energy level) of an atom. The # of valence electrons determines how many and what kinds of bonds.
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bohr model
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.
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compound
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substances composed of 2 or more different elements.
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molecule
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two or more element held together by covalent bonds.
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ion
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an atoms or group of atoms that has gained or lost one or more electrons, thus acquiring a charge.
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covalent bonds
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chemical bonds formed through the SHARING of electrons by two atoms, to achieve complete outer shells.
(how molecules are held together) |
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ionic bonds
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a compound resulting from the formation of an ionic bond, also called a salt.
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non-polar covalent bonds
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covalent bonds in which the electrons are shared equally between the two atoms.
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polar covalent bonds
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covalent bond in which the electrons are not shared equally between the 2 atoms, causing 1 part of the molecules to have + charge, and the other to have a -
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hydrogen bonds
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a weak chemical bond between oppositely charged regions of a molecule, or sometimes between molecules as in water.
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What properties of water make it crucial to life?
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.
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pH scale
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a measure of hydrogen ion concentration ranging from 0-14.
0 acidic/ 7 neutral/ 14 basic |
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What are the 3 subatomic particles?
|
-protons- positively charged particles in the nucleus of an atom.
-neutrons-part. in nucl. w/ no charge but weight -electons- neg. charge found outside atom. Weightless |
|
|
element
|
substances comprised of atoms that all have the same atomic number. Each element has its own symbol:
H=Helium |
|
|
atomic number
|
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
|
|
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atomic mass
|
the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.
|
|
|
isotope
|
one of the several atomic forms of an element, each with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, thus differing in atomic mass
|
|
|
valence electons
|
electrons in the outermost shell (energy level) of an atom. The # of valence electrons determines how many and what kinds of bonds.
|
|
|
bohr model
|
.
|
|
|
compound
|
substances composed of 2 or more different elements.
|
|
|
molecule
|
two or more element held together by covalent bonds.
|
|
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ion
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an atoms or group of atoms that has gained or lost one or more electrons, thus acquiring a charge.
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cation
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a positively charged ion
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ion
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an atom or group of atoms that has either gained or lost one or more electrons, thus acquiring a charge.
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anion
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a negatively charged ion
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covalent bonds
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chemical bonds formed through the SHARING of electrons by two atoms, to achieve complete outer shells.
(how molecules are held together) |
|
|
ionic bonds
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a compound resulting from the formation of an ionic bond, also called a salt.
|
|
|
non-polar covalent bonds
|
covalent bonds in which the electrons are shared equally between the two atoms.
|
|
|
polar covalent bonds
|
covalent bond in which the electrons are not shared equally between the 2 atoms, causing 1 part of the molecules to have + charge, and the other to have a -
|
|
|
hydrogen bonds
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a weak chemical bond between oppositely charged regions of a molecule, or sometimes between molecules as in water.
|
|
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What properties of water make it crucial to life?
|
.
|
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pH scale
|
a measure of hydrogen ion concentration ranging from 0-14.
0 acidic/ 7 neutral/ 14 basic |
