Bio 210 Lab-Exercise 9-Axial Skeleton-Skull

Front 1

Back 1

Frontal Bone: part of the upper skull; forehead

Front 2

Back 2

Supraorbital Foramen: The human skull has two, passage of blood vessels & nerves above the eye socket, above the edge

Front 3

Back 3

Glabella: Above the nose and between the eyes, smooth surface.

Front 4

Back 4

Parietal Bones: dorsal to the frontal bone; two separate bones

Front 5

Back 5

Saggital Suture: Joint that connects the two Parietal bones

Front 6

Back 6

Coronal Suture: Joint that connects the frontal bone to the two parietal bones

Front 7

Back 7

Temporal Bone: Two bones on both sides of the skull, where the ears are located

Front 8

Back 8

Squamous Suture: Joint that connects the temporal bone to the parietal bone

Front 9

Back 9

Zygomatic Process: Connects to the zygomatic bones (cheek bone); bridge above mandible

Front 10

Back 10

Mandibular Fossa: Grooved, rounded depression where the mandible connects

Front 11

Back 11

External Acoustic Meatus: External opening to the ear, associated with hearing; ear canal

Front 12

Back 12

Styloid Process: Site for facial muscle attachment; thin projection inferior to the external acoustic meatus

Front 13

Back 13

Mastoid Process: Site of neck muscle attachment; spongy bone, posterior to the ear

Front 14

Back 14

Jugular Foramen: Hole that allows the internal jugular vein to pass through (two of these per picture)

Front 15

Back 15

Carotid Canal: hole that allows the internal carotid artery to pass through; two as depicted

Front 16

Back 16

Internal acoustic canal: Allows for internal cranaial nerve VIII; allows balance and hearing (Vestibulo) and CN VII facial

Front 17

Back 17

Foramen Lacerum: Two holes near the ends of temporal lobes

Front 18

Back 18

Occipital Bone

Front 19

Back 19

Lamboid Suture: Joint that connects the occipital bone and parietal bones

Front 20

Back 20

Foramen Magnum: Large opening in base of Occipital which allows the spinal cord to join with the brain

Front 21

Back 21

Occipital Condoyle: Rounded projections lateral to the foramen magnum that joins with the 1st cervical vertibra (ATLAS)

Front 22

Back 22

Hypoglossal Canal: Opening medial & superior to the Occipital condoyle through which the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) passes.

Front 23

Back 23

Sphenoid Bone: Bat shaped bone behind the eyes

Front 24

Back 24

Greater Wings: Portions of the Sphenoid bone that house the back of the eyes

Front 25

Back 25

Superior Orbital Fissures: Jagged openings in orbits that has CN III,IV,V, VI, to enter the orbit where they serve the eye.

Front 26

Back 26

Sella Turcica: Saddle-shaped region in the sphenoid midline.

Front 27

Back 27

Hypopphyseal Fossa: Seat of the Sella Tucica; AKA Pituitary Gland

Front 28

Back 28

Lesser Wings of Sphenoid: Smaller painted bat shaped anterior to Stella Turcica

Front 29

Back 29

Optic Canals: Medial to lesser wings, opening in lesser wings through which the optic nerves (CNII) enters to serve eyes

Front 30

Back 30

Foramen Ovale: Opening posterior to the Sella Turcica providing passage for a branch of CN V

Front 31

Back 31

Ethmoid Bone: Anterior to sphenoid bone; roof of nasal cavity; upper nasal septum; & medial orbits

Front 32

Back 32

Crista Galli: Vertical Projection providing a point of attachment for the dura mater, helping to secure the brain w/I the skull

Front 33

Cribiform Plates

Back 33

Bony plates lateral to Crista Galli; through which olfactory fibers CNI pass to the brain; horizontal plate of the ethmoid

Front 34

Back 34

Middle Nasal Conchae: Thin delicately coiled plates of bone extending into the nasal cavity. The Conchae makes air flow throughnthe nasal cavity more efficient & greatly increases the surface area of the

Front 35

Back 35

Mandible- Lower Jaw bone

Front 36

Mandibular Body

Back 36

Horizontal portion, area of the chin

Front 37

Mandibular Ramus

Back 37

Vertical extension of the body on either side.

Front 38

Mandibular angle

Back 38

Posterior point at which the ramus meets the body

Front 39

Mandibular Condyle

Back 39

Anterior Joint of the mandible. Joins with the Mandibular Fossa.

Front 40

Coronoid Process

Back 40

Jutting anterior portion of the ramus. Site of muscle attachment.

Front 41

Mental Foramen

Back 41

Prominent opening on the body that transmits the mental blood vessels and nerves to the lower jaw. mandibular branch of CN V

Front 42

Mandibular Foramen

Back 42

Medial aspect of the mandibular ramus; permits passage of the nerve involved with tooth sensation. Novacain injection site.

Front 43

Alveolar Margin of the Mandible

Back 43

Gums; Inferior margin containing sockets in which teeth lie.

Front 44

Maxillae

Back 44

Upper Jaw bone

Front 45

Alveolar Margin of the Maxillae

Back 45

Superior margin containing sockets in which teeth lie; gums

Front 46

Infraorbital Foramen

Back 46

Opening under the orbit carrying the infraorbital nerves and blood vessels to the nasal region

Front 47

Palatine Process

Back 47

Anterior hard palate in the mouth.

Front 48

Incisive Fossa

Back 48

Near Incisors in the mouth.