Bio 20C Final-Week 10

Front 1

What is Island Biogeography?

Back 1

The study of spatially isolated communities.

Front 2

What is a True Island?

Back 2

Terrestrial habitats surrounded by water

Front 3

What is a Virtual Island?

Back 3

Fragments of habitats surrounded by an inhospitable habitat

Front 4

Species-Area Relationship

Back 4

For certain taxa, species diversity increases with island area.

Front 5

Equilibrium Theory between Colonization and Extinction

Back 5

As the number of species increases, the rate of colonization decreases.

Front 6

Decreasing Island Size...

Back 6

Increases the extinction rate.
Increases the colonization rate.

Front 7

Increasing Island size...

Back 7

Decreases the extinction rate.
Decreases the colonization rate.

Front 8

Big Islands close to the mainland are species rich?

Back 8

Yes

Front 9

What characterizes an Ecosystem?

Back 9

1. Abiotic Environment
2. Producers (plants)
3. Consumers
4. Decomposers

Front 10

Energy vs. Matter in Ecosystems

Back 10

Matter cycles in ecosystems.
Energy flows one way through an ecosystem

Front 11

Autotrophs

Back 11

Carbon fixers, and most but not all photosynthesize. Most energy is used for metabolism and less is used for biomass

Front 12

Food Chain

Back 12

1 possible path of energy flow in an ecosystem

Front 13

Food Web

Back 13

All the possible paths of energy flow in an ecosystem.

Front 14

Trophic Level

Back 14

Each step in the food chain is a trophic level

Front 15

Production Efficiency in an ecosystem

Back 15

The percent of assimilated (eaten) material that becomes biomass.

Front 16

Trophic Transfer Efficiency in an ecosystem

Back 16

Overall transfer from 1 trophic level to the next. Typically around 10%

Front 17

What is an Eltonian Pryamid?

Back 17

A diagram that depicts the flow of energy and matter through food chains. Represents trophic transfer efficency

Front 18

What are the 3 types of Eltonian Pryamaids?

Back 18

1. Abundance Pyramid
2. Biomass Pyramid
3. Production Efficency/Area Pyramid-the correct one

Front 19

Ecosystem Productivity

Back 19

NPP varies between ecosystems. The open ocean is actually the largest primary producer.

Front 20

What regulates NPP?

Back 20

Sunlight, temperature, water, nutrients, carbon dioxide. Mostly due to photosynthesis

Front 21

What regulates a terrestrial ecosystem?

Back 21

Water and temperature

Front 22

What regulates an aquatic ecosystem?

Back 22

Light and Nutrients

Front 23

Coastal Upwelling

Back 23

Upward moving water along the coast that is full of nutrients. Cycles nutrients

Front 24

Biogeochemical Cycles

Back 24

Factors that affect the flow of H,C,O,N,P,S.
1. Type and size of reserves
2. Rate of movement between reserves
3. Interaction between different cycles

Front 25

Nutrient Cycles

Back 25

Nitrogen, Phosphorus, minerals, and vitamins cycle between living tissue and inorganic forms. Regenerated by decomposers.

Front 26

Nitrogen Cycle

Back 26

Atmospheric Nitrogen cycles by being fixed into different molecules

Front 27

Phosphorus Cycle

Back 27

It's recycled in soil and water (not air)

Front 28

Water Cycle

Back 28

Clouds move around the world and transport water.

Front 29

Carbon Cycle

Back 29

Atmospheric CO2 helps plants. The largest carbon reserve is in fossil fuels, which are greenhouse gases-reflect heat back to the earth's surface.