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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The characteristic function and properties of each class of antibody is determined by the
A. variable region on the light chain. B. epitope. C. constant region on the light chain. D. constant region on the heavy chain. E. variable region on the heavy chain. |
D. constant region on the heavy chain.
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Allergic reactions mainly involve
A. macrophages. B. monocytes. C. neutrophils. D. mast cells. |
D. mast cells.
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Macrophages and dendritic cells are
A. T cells. B. B cells. C. antigen-presenting cells. D. antibody-producing cells. |
C. antigen-presenting cells.
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Factors that work generically against any foreign substance entering the host are described as
A. innate immunity. B. specific immunity. C. irregular immunity. D. immune metabolism. |
A. innate immunity.
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Which of the following do not induce a strong immune response?
A. Lipids B. Proteins C. Polysaccharides D. Nucleic acids E. Lipids AND nucleic acids |
E. Lipids AND nucleic acids
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The "voices" of a cell are
A. surface receptors. B. platelets. C. cytokines. D. antigens. |
C. cytokines.
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The four cardinal signs of inflammation are:
A. Flare, wheals, fever, cough B. Rash, pus, heat, rubor C. Heat, pain, vesicles, fever D. Redness, heat, swelling, pain |
D. Redness, heat, swelling, pain
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The first kind of leukocyte lured to the site of inflammation is the
A. neutrophil. B. monocyte. C. macrophage. D. basophil. |
A. neutrophil.
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Which is not a component of innate immunity?
A. Skin B. Inflammation C. Fever D. Antibody |
D. Antibody
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All blood cells originate from the
A. erythrocyte. B. leukocytic stem cell. C. eosinophilic stem cell. D. hematopoietic stem cell. |
D. hematopoietic stem cell.
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The attraction of leukocytes to the area on inflammation is referred to as
A. parasitism. B. infection. C. phototaxis. D. chemotaxis. |
D. chemotaxis.
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Following digestion of a microorganism by phagocytes, the debris is excreted by
A. ingestion. B. exocytosis. C. extrusion. D. budding. |
B. exocytosis.
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C3a and C5a are involved in
A. inflammation. B. interferon production. C. properdin activation. D. enhancement of phagocytosis. E. inflammation AND enhancement of phagocytosis. |
E. inflammation AND enhancement of phagocytosis.
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The humoral immune response involves the manufacture and use of
A. antibodies. B. T cells. C. lymphokines. D. antigens. |
A. antibodies.
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Which of the following is/are secondary lymphoid organ(s)?
A. Thymus B. Spleen C. Lymph nodes D. Bone marrow E. Spleen AND lymph nodes |
E. Spleen AND lymph nodes
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Antigens interact with antibodies at
A. the outer end of each arm of the Y. B. the junction of heavy and light chains. C. different regions depending on the class of antibody. D. the bottom stem of the heavy chain of the Y. |
A. the outer end of each arm of the Y.
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Perforin is produced by
A. B cells. B. macrophages. C. NK cells. D. T helper cells. E. macrophages AND NK cells. |
C. NK cells.
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The low molecular weight protein produced by animal cells in response to viral infections is
A. complement. B. lysozyme. C. histamine. D. interferon. |
D. interferon.
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The cells that actually secrete antibodies are
A. plasma cells. B. natural killer cells. C. phagocytes. D. T cells. |
A. plasma cells.
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The immunoglobulin monomer consists of
A. 4 large chains. B. 2 heavy and 2 light chains. C. 5 light chains. D. 3 heavy and 3 light chains. |
B. 2 heavy and 2 light chains.
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Toll-like receptors
A. are cytokines. B. each recognize a specific "danger" molecule. C. transmit a message to the cell's nucleus. D. are part of adaptive immunity. E. each recognize a specific "danger" molecule AND transmit a message to the cell's nucleus. |
E. each recognize a specific "danger" molecule AND transmit a message to the cell's nucleus.
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The first host response to a nonspecific tissue injury is described as
A. inflammation. B. reaction. C. antibodies. D. trauma. |
A. inflammation.
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Which of the following is a phagocytic cell found in the human body?
A. Erythrocyte B. Neutrophil C. B cell D. T cell |
B. Neutrophil
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The only class of antibody that can cross the placenta is
A. IgA. B. IgD. C. IgG. D. IgE. |
C. IgG.
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Complement
A. may be activated through three pathways. B. disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane of invading bacteria and foreign cells. C. is part of the specific defense system. D. is a group of blood proteins. E. may be activated through three pathways, disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane of invading bacteria and foreign cells, AND is a group of blood |
E. may be activated through three pathways, disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane of invading bacteria and foreign cells, AND is a group of blood
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T cells primarily are responsible for
A.humoral immunity. B. cell-mediated immunity. C.anamnestic immunity. D.producing haptens. |
B. cell-mediated immunity.
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Which of the following statements about interferon is incorrect?
A.It only works on a few specific types of virus. B.It makes cells resistant to viral infection. C.It is a species specific molecule. D.It does not directly inactivate viruses. |
A. It only works on a few specific types of virus.
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The leukocyte that contains histamine is the
A.lymphocyte. B.monocyte. C.macrophage. D.basophil. |
D. basophil.
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Interferons, complement, lysozyme, and lactoferrin are all examples of
A.specific antimicrobial factors. B.immune enzymes. C.nonspecific antimicrobial factors. D.cytokines. |
C. nonspecific antimicrobial factors.
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Pyrogens are
A.fever-inducing substances. B.fever-inhibiting substances. C.phagocytosis-enhancing substances. D.complement activators. |
A. fever-inducing substances.
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Apoptosis
A.is a form of cell suicide. B.is induced in target cells by effector T cytotoxic cells. C.results in T cell death. D.refers to the transformation of B cells into plasma cells. E.is a form of cell suicide AND is induced in target cells by effector T cytotoxic cells. |
E. is a form of cell suicide AND is induced in target cells by effector T cytotoxic cells.
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C3b is involved in
A.opsonization. B.interferon production. C.properdin activation. D.endotoxin production. |
A. opsonization.
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The chains of an antibody molecule are bonded to one another by
A.disulfide bonds. B.hydrogen bonds. C.ionic bonds. D.oxygen bonds. |
A. disulfide bonds.
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Which of the following antibodies is a pentamer?
A.IgA B.IgD C.IgM D.IgE |
C. IgM
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How long after initiation of a primary response do significant amounts of antibody appear in the blood?
A.1 day B.10-14 days C.4 weeks D.6 months |
B. 10-14 days
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Specific chemical groups on an antigen molecule to which the immune response is directed are
A.antigenic determinants. B.an autoimmune response. C.monomers. D.allergens. |
A. antigenic determinants.
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Giant cells are
A.a fusion of B cells. B.a fusion of T cells. C.used to contain bacterial infections. D.activated T helper cells. E.a fusion of T cells AND used to contain bacterial infections. |
C. used to contain bacterial infections.
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The complement pathway that requires antibodies to be activated is the
A.alternate pathway. B.classical pathway. C.properdin pathway. D.inflammatory pathway. |
B. classical pathway.
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Phagocytes were first discovered and named by
A. Pasteur. B. Koch. C. Lister. D. Metchnikoff. |
D. Metchnikoff.
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The Fc region on IgG
A. interacts with complement. B. attaches to receptors on interleukin-1. C. reacts with and coats the antigen. D. contains a variable region. E. interacts with complement AND attaches to receptors on interleukin-1. |
A. interacts with complement.
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