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33 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Mitosis
Nuclear division resulting in two daughter cells
Cytokinesis
Division of the cytoplasm to make two daughter cells. Typically happens after immediately after mitosis or meiosis
3 Uses for mitosis and cytokinesis
- Growth
- Wound repair
- Asexual reproduction
Meiosis
Formation of sex cells. Amount of hereditary material is reduced by half. One parent cell divides into 4 distinct daughter cells.
Walther Flemming
Noticed thread-like structures in the nucleus (used dye). He developed the use of dye.
Lifespan of a cell
1)Replication of chromosomes
2)Separation of chromosomes
3)Growth of cell
Interphase
non-dividing stage
G1 and G2
Growing and building organelles
s-phase
DNA synthesis
PPMAT
Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
kinetochore
Where sister chromatids connect
Zygote
eggs and sperm
Miesosis: __ cell to __ cells
1...4
Diploid to __ploid
"ha-"
Where does meiosis occur?
Testes and ovaries
Karyotype
Number and types of chromosomes present
Allele
Copy of gene on one homologue
Homologous chromosomes
Same chromosomes, just one from each parent
Autosomes
all the chromosomes that dont carry sex information
____ in meiosis is like mitosis, but it's M2 that's different
M1
Crossing over happens in...
prophase 1
Tetrad
4 chromosomes. 2 sisters and their homologous others
2^n =number of potential chromosome combinations when n=
# of chromosome (for us: 2^23)
3 ways variety is introduced
through crossing over, independent arrangement, and only one getting fertilized
Being relatively identical is fine if your environment is _______
constant
Gregor Mendel
Austrain Friar. Grew up on a farm abut didn't get the farm. Taught but didn't pass his certification.
The two main inheritance hypothesis in Mendel's time:
1)Blending inheritance
2)Acquired characteristics
Good aspects of peas:
Control over breeding, "either/or" traits, true breeding parents, and multiple generations that matured quickly
Genotype
combination of alleles found in an individual
homozygous
two alleles of the same type
heterozygous
one allele of each type
Test cross
crossing F2 with a homozygous recessive
When asked for the _______, solve all the possibilities of the genotype that would result in the ______ and then add
phenotype