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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Mitosis
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Nuclear division resulting in two daughter cells
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Cytokinesis
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Division of the cytoplasm to make two daughter cells. Typically happens after immediately after mitosis or meiosis
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3 Uses for mitosis and cytokinesis
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- Growth
- Wound repair - Asexual reproduction |
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Meiosis
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Formation of sex cells. Amount of hereditary material is reduced by half. One parent cell divides into 4 distinct daughter cells.
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Walther Flemming
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Noticed thread-like structures in the nucleus (used dye). He developed the use of dye.
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Lifespan of a cell
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1)Replication of chromosomes
2)Separation of chromosomes 3)Growth of cell |
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Interphase
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non-dividing stage
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G1 and G2
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Growing and building organelles
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s-phase
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DNA synthesis
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PPMAT
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Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
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kinetochore
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Where sister chromatids connect
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Zygote
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eggs and sperm
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Miesosis: __ cell to __ cells
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1...4
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Diploid to __ploid
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"ha-"
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Where does meiosis occur?
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Testes and ovaries
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Karyotype
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Number and types of chromosomes present
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Allele
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Copy of gene on one homologue
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Homologous chromosomes
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Same chromosomes, just one from each parent
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Autosomes
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all the chromosomes that dont carry sex information
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____ in meiosis is like mitosis, but it's M2 that's different
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M1
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Crossing over happens in...
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prophase 1
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Tetrad
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4 chromosomes. 2 sisters and their homologous others
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2^n =number of potential chromosome combinations when n=
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# of chromosome (for us: 2^23)
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3 ways variety is introduced
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through crossing over, independent arrangement, and only one getting fertilized
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Being relatively identical is fine if your environment is _______
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constant
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Gregor Mendel
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Austrain Friar. Grew up on a farm abut didn't get the farm. Taught but didn't pass his certification.
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The two main inheritance hypothesis in Mendel's time:
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1)Blending inheritance
2)Acquired characteristics |
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Good aspects of peas:
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Control over breeding, "either/or" traits, true breeding parents, and multiple generations that matured quickly
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Genotype
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combination of alleles found in an individual
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homozygous
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two alleles of the same type
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heterozygous
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one allele of each type
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Test cross
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crossing F2 with a homozygous recessive
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When asked for the _______, solve all the possibilities of the genotype that would result in the ______ and then add
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phenotype
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