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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
a group of cells, consisting of one or more cell types that together perform a specialized function |
tissue |
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consists of several types of tissues that carry out particular functions |
organ |
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three basic plant organs |
leaves, stems, roots |
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a main vertical root that develops from an embryonic root and gives rise to lateral (branch) roots |
tap root |
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a root that arises from the pericycleof an established root |
lateral root |
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a thick mat of slender roots spreadingout just below the soil surface |
fibrous root |
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What type of soil is each type of rootsystem best adapted to? |
*fill in answers |
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thin, finger-likeextensions of root epidermal cells that emerge and increase the surface area ofthe root. |
root hairs |
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Which types of roots have root hairs? |
*fill in later |
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stores food and water |
storage root |
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Support tall, top-heavyplants |
prop root |
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give architecturalsupport to the trunks of trees |
buttress root |
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a vascular plant organ consisting of analternating system of nodes and internodes that support the leaves andreproductive structures |
stem |
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a point along the stem of a plant atwhich leaves are attached |
node |
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a segment of a plant stem between thepoints where leaves are attached |
internode |
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a structure that has the potential toform a lateral shoot, or branch |
axillary bud |
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a branch extending from the stem thatextends leaves outwards to receive more sunlight |
lateral shoot |
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a bud at the tip of a plant stem |
apical/ terminal bud |
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tendency for growth tobe concentrated at the tip of a plant shoot, because the apical bud partiallyinhibits axillary bud growth |
apical dominance |
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the flattened portion of a typical leaf |
blade |
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the stalk of a leaf, which joins the leafto a node of the stem |
petiole |
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the vascular tissue of leaves |
vein |
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has a single, undivided blade. Some aredeeply lobed, as shown here |
simple leaf |
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The blade consists of multiple leaflets.A leaflet has no axillary bud at its base. In some plants, each leaflet isfurther divided into smaller leaflets. |
compound leaf |
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a horizontalshoot that grows justbelow the surface |
rhizome |
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horizontalshoots that growalongthe surface |
stolons |
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enlarged ends of rhizomes or stolonsspecialized for storing food |
tuber |
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leaves at whichphotosynthesis is carriedout by the fleshy green stems |
spine |
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modifiedleaves that coil around a support andpull the plant closer |
tendril |
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modified leaf of a bulb that stores food |
storage leaf |
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produce adventitious plantlets, whichfall off the leaf and take root in the soil |
reproductive leaf |
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3 basic plant tissues |
dermal, ground, vascular |
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provides a protective cover for theentire body of a plant |
dermal tissue |
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responsible for most of the metabolicfunctions |
ground tissue |
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transports materials between the root andshoot systems |
vascular tissue |
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allows roots to extend throughout thesoil and shoots to increase their exposure to light*growth in length |
primary growth |
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grow in circumference in the parts ofstems and roots that no longer grow in length *increasing diameter of roots & stems |
secondary growth |
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The dermal tissue system of non-woodyplants, usually consisting of a single layer of tightly packed cells |
epidermis |
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The protective coat that replaces theepidermis in woody plants during secondary growth, formed of the cork and corkcambium |
periderm |
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Other than epidermis and periderm thedermal tissue also contains the cuticle. What is the cuticle of a plant? |
A waxy covering on the surface of stemsand leaves that prevents desiccation in terrestrial plants |
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vascular plant tissue consisting ofliving cells arranged into elongated tubes that transport sugar and otherorganic nutrients throughout the plant |
phloem |
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vascular plant tissue consisting mainly of tubular dead cellsthat conduct most of the water and minerals upward from the roots to the restof the plant |
xylem |
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the vascular tissue of a stem orroot |
stele |
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ground tissue that is between thevascular tissue and dermal tissue in a root or eudicot system |
cortex |
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ground tissue that is internal to thevascular tissue in a stem; in many monocot roots, parenchyma cells that formthe central core of the vascular cylinder |
pith |