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95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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acetabulum
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Rounded depression, or socket, in the pelvis, which joins the femur (thigh bone), forming the hip joint
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acromion
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Outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder. It overlies the shoulder joint and articulates with the clavicle
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articular cartilage
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Thin layer of cartilage surrounding the bone in the joint space.
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bone
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Dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton. Examples are long bones (femur), short bones (carpals), flat bones (scapula) and sesamoid bones (patella).
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calcium
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One of the mineral constituents of bone. Calcium phosphate is the major calcium salt in bones.
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cancellous bone
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Spongy, porous, bone tissue in the inner part of a bone
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cartilaginous tissue
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Flexible, rubbery connective tissue. It is found in the immature skeleton, at the epiphyseal growth plate, and on joint surfaces
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collagen
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dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissues
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compact bone
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hard, dense bone tissue, usually found around the outer portion of bones.
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condyle
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knuckle-like process at the end of a bone near the joint.
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cranial bones
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skull bones; ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal
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diaphysis
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shaft, or mid-portion, of a long bone
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disk (disc)
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Flat, round, plate-like structure. an intervertebral disk is a fibrocartilaginous substance between two vertebrae.
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epiphyseal plate
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Cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton.
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epiphysis
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Each end of a long bone; the area beyond the epiphyseal plate
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facial bones
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bones of the face: lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer, and zygomatic
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fissure
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Narrow, slit-like opening in or between bones
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fontanelle
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soft spot (incomplete bone formation) between the skull bones of an infant.
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foramen
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Opening or passage in the bones where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave. The foramen magnum is the opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.
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fossa
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Shallow cavity in a bone.
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haversian canals
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minute spaces filled with blood vessels; found in compact bone.
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malleolus
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round process on both sides of the ankle joint. The lateral malleolus is part of the fibula, and the medial malleolus is part of the tibia.
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manubrium
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upper portion of the sternum; articulates with the media aspect of the clavicle
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mastoid process
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round projection on the temporal bones behind the ear
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medullary cavity
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central, hollowed-out area in the shoft of a long bone
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metaphysis
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flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis (shaft) and the epiphyseal plate (in this term, meta- means between)
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olecranon
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large process on the proximal end of the ulna; the point of the flexed elbow
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osseous tissue
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bone tissue
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ossification
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process of bone formation
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osteoblast
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bone cell that helps form bony tissue
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osteoclast
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bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue
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periosteum
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membrane surrounding bones; rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue
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phosphorus
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mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium
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pubic symphysis
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area of confluence (coming together) of the two pubic bones in the pelvis. They are joined (sym- means together, -physis means to grow) by a fibrocartilaginous disk
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red bone marrow
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found in cancellous bone; site of hematopoiesis
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ribs
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twelve pairs of curved bones that form the chest wall. True ribs are the first 7 pairs, false ribs are pairs 8 to 10; floating ribs are pairs 11 and 12
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sella turcica
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depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located
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sinus
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hollow air cavity within a bone
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styloid process
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pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull
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suture
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joint between bones, such as the skull (cranium)
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temporomandibular joint
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connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone of the skull and mandibular bone of the jaw
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trabeculae
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supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous (spongy) bone.
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trochanter
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large process at the neck of the femur, attachment site for muscles and tendons
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tubercle
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rounded, small process on bone; attachment site for muscles and tendons
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tuberosity
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rounded process on bone; attachment site for muscles and tendons
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vertebra
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individual backbone composed of the vertebral body, vertebral arch, spinous process, transverse process, lamina, and neural canal
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xiphoid process
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lower, narrow portion of the sternum
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yellow bone marrow
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fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult long bones
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calc/o, calci/o
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calcium - hypercalcemia
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kyph/o
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humpback, hunchback - kyphosis
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lamin/o
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lamina (part of the vertebral arch) - laminectomy
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lord/o
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curve, swayback (anterior curvature in the lumbar region) - lordosis
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lumb/o
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loins, lower back - lumbar
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myel/o
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bone marrow - myelopoiesis
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orth/o
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straight - orthopedics
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oste/o
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bone - osteitis
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scoli/o
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crooked, bent (lateral curvature) - scoliosis
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spondyl/o
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vertebra (used to make words about conditions of the structure) - spondylosis
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vertebr/o
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vertebra - vertebral
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-blast
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embryonic or immature cell - osteoblast
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-clast
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to break - osteoclast
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-listhesis
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slipping - spondylosthesis
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-malacia
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softening - osteomalacia
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-physis
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to grow - epiphysis
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-porosis
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pore, passage - osteoporosis
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-tome
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instrument to cut - osteotome
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acetabul/o
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acetabulum (hip socket) - acetabular
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calcane/o
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calcaneus (heel) - calcaneal
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carp/o
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carpals (wrist bones) - carpal
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clavicul/o
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clavicle (Collar bone) - supraclavicular
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cost/o
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ribs (true ribs, false ribs, and floating ribs) - subcostal
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crani/o
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cranium (skull) - craniotomy
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femor/o
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femur (thigh bone) - femoral
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fibul/o
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fibula (smaller lower leg bone) - fibular
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humer/o
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humerus (upper arm bone) - humeral
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ili/o
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ilium (upper part of pelvic bone) - iliac
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ischi/o
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ischium (posterior part of pelvic bone) - ischial
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malleol/o
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malleolus (process on each side of the ankle) - malleolar
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mandibul/o
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mandible (lower jaw bone) - mandibular
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maxill/o
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maxilla (upper jaw bone) - maxillary
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metacarp/o
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metacarpals (hand bones) - metacarpectomy
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metatars/o
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metatarsals (foot bones) - metatarsalgia
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olecran/o
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olecranon (elbow) - olecranal
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patell/o
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patella (kneecap) - patellar
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pelv/i
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pelvis (hipbone) - pelvimetry
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pelv/i
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pelvis (hipbone) - pelvimetry
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perone/o
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fibula - peroneal
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phalang/o
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phalanges (finger and/or toe bones) - phalangeal
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pub/o
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pubis (anterior part of the pelvic bone) - pubic
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radi/o
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radius (lower arm bone - thumb side) - radial
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scapul/o
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scapula (shoulder blade) - scapular
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stern/o
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sternum (breastbone) - sternal
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tars/o
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tarsals (bones of the hindfoot) - tarsectomy
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tibi/o
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tibia (shin bone) - tibial
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uln/o
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ulna (lower arm bone - little finger side) - ulnar
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