Bio 197 - Animal Development

Front 1

Cytoplasmic determinants

Back 1

fixes developmental fate of zygote

Front 2

Gray crescent

Back 2

rearrangement of cytoplasm of egg after fertilization; initiated by centriole of sperm; marks location of important developmental events

Front 3

Fate of three cell layers after gastrulation

Back 3

Ectoderm will become epidermal skin, Mesoderm will form muscles, bone, kidneys, and Endoderm will form lining of gut, liver and lungs

Front 4

Young Frog embryo

Back 4

Has polarity; vegatal pole: with yolk, Animal pole: Little yolk will become anterior end

Front 5

Organogenesis (frog)

Back 5

After gastrulation, three germ layers; notocord forms from condensation of dorsal mesoderm cells; Neurulation is initiation of nervous system

Front 6

Neurulation (frog)

Back 6

dorsal neural plate invaginates and folds forming a tube (precuror to brain and spinal cord; notocord is rod of mesoderm cells ventral to tube becomes vertebrae; Neural crest cells above tube form skull bones and teeth

Front 7

Somites (chicken embryo)

Back 7

blocks of mesodermal cells that give rise to vertebrae and muscles

Front 8

Chicken Embryo

Back 8

Four membranes: Yolk sac, allantoic membrane, amnion, chorion

Front 9

Yolk sac (chicken embyro)

Back 9

membrane that encloses yolks within the egg and passes nutrients to embryo

Front 10

Allantoic membrane (chicken embryo)

Back 10

A sac for waste storage

Front 11

Amnion

Back 11

membrane that secretes fluid for protection; filled with amniotic fluid

Front 12

Chorion (chicken embryo)

Back 12

membrane that reduce water loss and exchanges gases

Front 13

Placenta

Back 13

an organ that exchanges nutrients, repiratory gases, and metabolic wastes between mother and embryo; forms from chorion and uterine wall

Front 14

Oviparous

Back 14

egg laying type of child birth

Front 15

Viviparous

Back 15

live bearing child birth