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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Transcription involves the transfer of information from: |
DNA to RNA
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RNA polymerase |
begins transcription at a promoter sequence and moves along the template strand of DNA, elongating an RNA molecule in a 5' - 3' direction |
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snRNPS are involved in: |
RNA splicing
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Which of the following is not involved in the formation of an eukaryotic transcription initiation complex? |
snRNA |
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A prokaryotic gene 600 nucleotides long can code for a polypeptide chain of how many amino acids (at the most)? |
200
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All of the following would be found in a prokaryotic cells except: |
snRNA |
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Which of the following is transcribed and then translated to form a protein product? |
gene for a transcription factor
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All of the following are transcribed from DNA except: |
promoter |
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Which one of the following matches is incorrect? |
mRNA/anticodon
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If the 5' to 3' nucleotide sequence on the complementary (noncoding) DNA strand is CAT, what is the corresponding codon of mRNA? |
CAU |
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How is the template strand for a particular gene determined? |
It depends on the orientation of RNA polymerase, whose position is determined by particular sequences of nucleotides within a promoter |
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Which of the following is true of RNA processing? |
Assemblies of protein and snRNPs, called spliceosomes, may catalize splicing |
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Which of the following is not involved in the formation of a eukaryotic transcription initiation complex? |
snRNA |
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A ribozyme is |
an RNA molecule that functions as an enzyme
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All of the following would be found in a prokaryotic cell except |
snRNA |
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Transfer RNA (tRNA) |
binds to its specific amino acid in the active site of an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase |
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Which of the following is not true of an anticodon? |
It lines up in the 5' to 3' direction along the 5' to 3' mRNA strand |
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Several proteins may be produced at the same time form a single mRNA by
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the action of several ribosomes in a string, called a polyribosome |
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All of the following are transcribed from DNA except |
promoter |
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Translation involves the transfer of information from |
mRNA to an amino acid sequence
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The main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are: |
prokaryotic cells have neither nucleus nor cytoplasmic organelles |
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What organelles are typical of plant cells? |
chloroplasts and central vacuoleIndicate the organelles that constitute the endomembrane system |
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Indicate the organelles that constitute the endomembrane system |
endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicles, central vacuole |
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What are the main structural components of cilia and flagella? |
microtubules and the motor protein dynein |
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Plasmodesmata can be found in: |
the plant cell wall |
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Which one of the following organelles has double membrane? |
mitochondria and chloroplasts |
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The function of lysosomes is: |
cellular digestion |
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thylakoids can be found in: |
chloroplasts |
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Transport vesicles are movilized (transported) by all of these organelles: |
endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and cytoskeletal proteins |
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The pores in the nuclear envelope provide for the movement of proteins into the nucleus, mRNA out of the nucleus, and signal molecules into the nucleus |
True |
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Which of the following is/are not found in a prokaryotic cell? |
Mitochondria |
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Which of the following is NOT a similarity among the nucleus, chloroplasts, and mitochondria? |
They are derived from the endoplasmic reticulum system
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The pores in the nuclear envelope provide for the movement of: |
-proteins into the nucleus -ribosomal subunits out of the nucleus -mRNA out of the nucleus -signal molecules into the nucleus
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The cytoskeleton is composed of which type of molecule? |
Protein |
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Contractile elements of muscle cells are: |
actin filaments (microfilaments)
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Microtubules are components of all of the following EXCEPT: |
the pinching apart of the cytoplasm in animal cells (cleavage furrow) |
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Of the following, which is probably the most common route for membrane flow in the endomembrane system? |
rough ER to transport vesicles to Golgi to vesicles to plasma membrane |
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In which cell would you expect to find the most lysosomes? |
macrophage (white blood cell) that engulfs bacteria |
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In which cell would you expect to find the most mitochondria? |
muscle cell in the thigh muscle of a long-distance runner
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In which cell would you expect to find the most rough ER? |
pancreatic cell that manufactures digestive enzymes |
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What would most likely happen to the cell if nuclear pores are blocked and mRNA cannot be shipped to the cytoplasm? |
Protein synthesis would stop
Shipping of proteins out of the cell would stop
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All of the following would be in animal cells except: |
central vacuole
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Does the term “organelle” belong exclusively to “animal cell”? |
No dude |
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Which one of the following cell types has a cell wall? |
Plant cells and bacterial cells (bacteria) |
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Would a cell produce proteins if we eliminated all of its ribosomes? |
No bra |
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A single layer of phospholipid molecules coats the water in a beaker. Which part of the molecules will face the air? |
the hydrocarbon tails |
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A plant cell placed in a hypotonic environment will |
become turgid |
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Diffusion is the movement of substances from areas of ___ concentration of solutes to areas of ____ concentration of solutes |
high/low |
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Osmosis is the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from areas of ___ solute concentration to areas of ___ solute concentration |
low/high |
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Facilitated diffusion across a cellular membrane requires _____ and moves a solute _____ its concentration gradient |
transport proteins/down |
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Active transport requires ____ and moves a solute _____ its concentration gradient |
energy and transport proteins/up |
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Pinocytosis involves |
the pinching in of the plasma membrane around small droplets of external fluid |
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Vesicles release their content out of the cell by ____ and move substances within the cell after _____ |
exocytosis/endocytosis |
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Exocytosis may involve all of the following except: |
ligands and coated pits |
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Does water need a transport protein in order to cross the plasma membrane? |
Yea bra |
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Membrane proteins are fundamental molecules for |
facilitated diffusion
active transport
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Phagocytosis involves |
pseudopod extension and engulfing of an organism
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Cotransport may involve |
transport of one solute against its concentration gradient in tandem with another that is diffusing down its concentration gradient |
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The extracellular fluids that surround the cells of a multicellular animal must be ___ to the cells. |
isotonic |
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LDLs (low density lipoproteins) enter animal cells by: |
receptor-mediated endocytosis |
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The fluid mosaic model describes biological membranes as of consisting of: |
a phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded in and attached to it |
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The function of membrane receptor proteins is to facilitate the transport of molecules across the plasma membrane |
False bra |
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What would most likely happen to a cell if it were unable to synthesize and process cholesterol? |
Cell reception would be impaired |
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What would most lilkely happen to a cell if it were unable to synthesize its own transport proteins? |
Cell transport would decrease considerably
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Which one of the following phospholipids will provide more fluidity to the cell membrane? |
A phospholipid made of two unsaturated fatty acids |
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Imagine a cell surrounded by an extracellular space where the concentration of salt is 1.3%. What would be the direction of water? |
outside the cell
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Imagine a cell surrounded by an extracellular space where the concentration of salt is 1.3%. What would be the direction of an ammonia molecule?
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Inside the cell
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