Bio 181 Animal Diversity

Front 1

Phylum Porifera

Back 1

Sponges

asymmetrical adults

Front 2

Choanocytes

Back 2

A.K.A. Collar Cells

Flagella maintain a constant flow of water through these cells in order to filter feed

Front 3

Spicules

Back 3

Stiff spikes of calcium carbonate that provide structural support for the body of sponges

Front 4

Asconoid / Syconoid / Leuconoid

Back 4

Different growth forms of porifera based on complexity of canal systems and amount/surface area of folds in the walls

(increasing in complexity)

Front 5

Phylum Cnidaria

Back 5

Jellyfish, Sea anemones, Corals, Hydroids

(mostly marine, some fresh water)

Front 6

A saclike body plan with a single opening (the mouth) into the gastrovascular cavity

no coelom

Diploblastic

Radial Symmetry

Back 6

Characteristics of Phylum Cnidaria

Front 7

Synapomorphy of Cnidarians

Back 7

Cnidocytes (stinging cells)

Front 8

Key components of Cnidarian life cycle

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Polyp (attached to a substrate-reproduce asexually)

Medusae (free swimmers-reproduce sexually)

[Obelia was observed in lab]

Front 9

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Back 9

Free living flatworms and parasitic flatworms

Front 10

(1) wormlike body plan modified into an elongate

Bilaterall symmertrical / dorsoventally flattened

(2) Triploblastic

(3) Organ-system level of organization

(4) No true coelom

Back 10

Characteristics of Phylum Platyhelminthes

Front 11

Flatworms are nearly all hermaphroditic (true or false)

Back 11

True

Front 12

The concentration of neural structures near the posterior end is called cephalization (true or false)

Back 12

False

Front 13

Cephalization

Back 13

The concentration of neural structures near the anterior end of the body

Front 14

Parasitic Flatworms

(Phylum Platyhelminthes)

Back 14

Absorb nutrients through the body wall

Attach to the small intestine by suckers and hooks

Front 15

Proglottids

Back 15

"reproductive factories" that are constantly formed by the scolex and released when they are full of fertile eggs

Front 16

Flukes are...

Back 16

parasitic worms that infest the lungs, liver, and blood of vertebrates

(schitstosoma)

Front 17

Phylum Rotifera

Back 17

Small Coelomates

Contain a Ciliated Corona

Dioecious (separate sexes)

Front 18

Feeding Strategies:

Raptorial (capture live prey)

Suspension or Filter feeding

Environment:

Freshwater ponds

Few marine species

Back 18

Characteristics of Rotifers

Back 19

Rotifer

Front 20

Phylum Annelida

Back 20

Segmented worms with repeating body units called somites

Front 21

Polychaeta and Clitellata

Back 21

Two classes of Phylum Annelida

Tube worms and sandworms and earthworms and leeches, respectively

Front 22

Polychaeta

(class of phylum annelida)

Back 22

Sandworms

Head with simple eyes and tentacles; segments with lateral extensions (parapodia) and many bristles (setae); sexes usually separate; predacious; marine

Front 23

Clitellata

(Subclass of Oligochaeta, Phylum annelida)

Back 23

Earthworms

No head; segments without extensions and with few, small bristles; hermaphroditic; terrestrial or freshwater

Front 24

Clitellata

(Subclass of Hirudinea, Phylum annelida)

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Leeches

No head; segments with superficial rings and without lateral extensions or bristles; anterior and posterior suckers; hermaphroditic; parasitic, feeding on blood; terrestrial or freshwater

Front 25

Characteristics of Phylum Mollusca

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A ventral muscular foot

A dorsal visceral mass

A mantle that surrounds the visceral mass and often secretes a shell

A radula used to scrape off bits of food

Front 26

Phylum Mollusca

Class: Polyplacophora

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Chitons

Shell of 8 overlapping plates; dorsoventrally flattened foot (used for crawling); radula; marine

Front 27

Phylum Mollusca

Class: Gastropoda

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Snails and Slugs

Shell is absent or single; often coiled; dorsoventrally flattened foot (used for crawling); radula; marine, freshwater, and terrestrial

Front 28

Phylum Mollusca

Class: Bivalvia

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Clams, Oysters, and Mussels

Shell of two valves, hinged dorsally; laterally flattened foot (used for digging); no radula; filter feeder; marine or freshwater

Front 29

Phylum Mollusca

Class: Cephalopoda

Back 29

Octopi and Squids

Single shell or none; foot modified to form tentacles; image-producing eyes; horny beak and radula; predaceous; water-jet propulsion; marine

Front 30

In clams (bivalvia) gills are used for _________ and _________, while the muscular foot is used for ___________.

Back 30

respiration, feeding, movement

Back 31

Reproductive polyp

Front 32

(Platyhelminthes)

Back 32

What phylum is this organism from?