Bio 1510: Lecture Exam 3-4: 37

Front 1

Aquaporins

Back 1

specialized membrane proteins (faster movement than osmosis)

Front 2

Transpiration

Back 2

process of capillary action up plants from roots

Front 3

Direction of Materials through Vascular Tissues

Back 3

xylem goes up
phloem goes both ways

Front 4

Endodermis

Back 4

layer of cells surrounded by casperian strip

gives cells control of what enters

Front 5

turgor pressure

Back 5

pressure that a liquid exerts on its container

Front 6

stomata

Back 6

Open & close because of turgor pressure of guard cells

let CO2 enter for photosynthesis

Front 7

When are stomata open or close?

Back 7

When water is abundant, it enters guard cells via osmosis, which increases turgor pressure & opens stomata

When water is scarce, it leaves guard cells, which decreases turgor pressure & closes stomata

Front 8

C4 plants

Back 8

have enzymes with high affinities for CO2

gather CO2 from leaf surface even when stomata are closed

Front 9

CAM plants

Back 9

stomata only open at night

CO2 is “banked” for use during the day

Front 10

Carbohydrate Transfer

Back 10

Phloem is bidirectional – food moved up and down the plant

Within tubes, food is transported in water via turgor pressure (transport does not require energy)

Energy (ATP) is required to move food into phloem or out of the phloem