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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the life cycle of the beef tapeworm. What is unique about the digestive system of tapeworms, when compared to that of other flatworms? Why do some zoologists argue that they have metameric bodies?
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Release proglottids; larval worms develope in cattle and incyst in muscles; eaten by humans; produce sexually; no digestive system; feed through absorbtion
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What characteristics of nemertaean (ribbon) worms are more advanced than those of flatworms? Whaer do they live, and how do they feed?
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Nemertaean is more advanced; gut with 2 openings; lack body cavity; live in marine; feed preversible provocous;
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Where are gnatostomulid worms found?
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introsticio fluids, sandworms on the beach
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What is a pseuocoelom, and how does it differ from a coelom? What functions does the pseudocoelom have?
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Fucntions like true coelom by cushioning organs and aids in nutrient transportation. Not surrounded by mesoderm on all sides.
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Describe the digestive and nervous systems of roundworms, and the structure of their muscle layer and cuticle. What habitat are roundworms found in?
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Complete digestive tract; ring near appical part for nervous system with nerves heading towards posterior end laterally; muscle layer is longitudinal; roundworms found everywhere.
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Describe the diseases caused by Ascaris, Necator, Trichina, and Wucheria.
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Ascaris - intestinal parasite in mammals; spread by food
Necator - hookworm; intestinal; spread through exposed skin Trichina - eating undercooked pork; lives in organs Wucheria - dog heartworm |
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What is the appearance and habitats of the Kinoryncha and Loricifera?
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Roundlike, marine sediments; feed on microbes; complete digestive tracts; no body cavity
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Where are rotifers found? Describe the modifications of the corona and mastax and their role in feeding. Describe their nervous, digestive, and excretory systems.
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Rotifers found in marine and freshwater habitat; have corona; nervouse system runs towards posterior end; complete gut; brain; metanyphridea
7. |
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What is the mantle and what structures does it form in such mollusks as snails, slugs, and clams?
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Mantle is layer of epithelial tissue that can form the shell, or in some occasions it can form the gills and lungs.
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What sorts of respiratory structures are present in aquatic mollusks, and in terrestrial forms?
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Gills, but terrestrial forms have lungs.
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What sort of circulatory system and excretory system do most mollusks have?
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Open circulatory system with a single 2-chambered heart; the excretory system includes the kidneys...
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What is the radula, what is it used for, and what common groups of mollusks have it?
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Every group except the bivalves
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What is the physical appearance of the classes Caudofoveata and Solenogastres?
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Worm-like, mantle and a foot.
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What is unusual about morphology of the classes Monoplacophora?
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Segmented.
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Describe the process of torsion in gastropods.
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Internal organs make 180 degree turn during development.
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What is meant by “bilateral asymmetry” in gastropods?
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Bilateral asymmetry = shell leans left or right.
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Which groups of marine and terrestrial gastropods lack shells?
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Opistobrachia - marine .... pulminate slugs - terrestrial.
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What is the appearance of the Polyplacophora (chitons) and in what habitats do the occur?
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8-valved; they normally stick to rocks near the shore, and the 8-valve system allow them to contour to the rocks well.
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Describe what the foot of a mollusk looks like in snails, chitons, clams, squids, and tusk shells.
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Snails - Walking foot, flat and broad
Chitons - flat, broad Clams - inner, hatchet like, protrudes between two valves Squids - tentacles Tusk shells - small round muscular |
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What are the 3 major groups of gastropods?
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Prosobranchia, opistobranchia, pulminate
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What is the mode of feeding of most Pelecypoda? What structures do they use in feeding?
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Filter feeders utilizing their gills.
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What distinctive features do Pelecypoda have, which which common moluscan feature do they lack?
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2 shells, no radula, filter feeders.
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Why might Squidward be justified in claiming that he is more intelligent and perceptive than all the other marine invertebrates he meets (crustacea, sponges, and echinoderms)?
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He is a cehpalopod with larger brains and very well-developed eyes.
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Describe modifications of the foot in cephalopods, and how it is used in locomotion and prey capture.
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The foot are arms and tentacles with suckers to grasp prey.
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