Bio 135 - Final Exam Workbook Review

Front 1

system that processes sensory information

Back 1

nervous system

Front 2

system that delivers nutrients to body tissues

Back 2

cardiovascular system

Front 3

system that breaks down and absorbs food

Back 3

digestive system

Front 4

system that includes the fingernails

Back 4

integumentary system

Front 5

system that includes the bladder

Back 5

urinary system

Front 6

system that includes the joints

Back 6

skeletal system

Front 7

system that delivers oxygen to the blood

Back 7

respiratory system

Front 8

system that includes the tonsils

Back 8

lymphatic system

Front 9

all life-sustaining reactions that occur within the body

Back 9

metabolism

Front 10

term that indicates a location toward the front

Back 10

anterior

Front 11

term that means farther from the origin of a part

Back 11

distal

Front 12

directional term that means away from the midline (toward the side)

Back 12

lateral

Front 13

term that means nearer to the sacral (lowermost) region of the spinal cord

Back 13

caudal

Front 14

term that describes the position of the shoulder blades in the relation to the collar bones

Back 14

posterior

Front 15

prefix meaning one hundredth

Back 15

centi-

Front 16

basic unit of length

Back 16

meter

Front 17

prefix meaning one millionth

Back 17

micro-

Front 18

basic unit of weight

Back 18

gram

Front 19

prefix meaning one thousand

Back 19

milli-

Front 20

word part
-tomy

Back 20

to cut

Front 21

word part
-stasis

Back 21

staying

Front 22

word part
physi/o

Back 22

nature, physical

Front 23

word part
homeo-

Back 23

same

Front 24

word part
dis-

Back 24

apart, away from

Front 25

word part
cata-

Back 25

down

Front 26

word part
ana-

Back 26

upward

Front 27

word part
path-

Back 27

disease

Front 28

word part
-logy

Back 28

study of

Front 29

the coronal plane is also called?

Back 29

frontal plane

Front 30

the diaphragm separates which cavities?

Back 30

the thoracic and abdominal cavities

Front 31

breakdown of complex molecules into more simple ones

Back 31

catabolism

Front 32

lymph is an example of what type of fluid

Back 32

extracellular

Front 33

heart and the blood vessels compose what system?

Back 33

circulatory system

Front 34

navel is found in what region?

Back 34

umbilical region

Front 35

study of normal body function

Back 35

physiology

Front 36

penny-shaped slice of of a banana is probably which type of section?

Back 36

cross section

Front 37

in the anatomic position, the body is upright and palms are faceing?

Back 37

forward

Front 38

fluid inside cells

Back 38

interstitial

Front 39

catabolism releases energy in the form of?

Back 39

ATP

Front 40

negative feedback is a mechanism for maintaining an internal state of balance known as ?

Back 40

homeostastis

Front 41

the sum of all catabolic and anabolic reactions in the body

Back 41

metabolism

Front 42

the process of childbirth in an example of a type of feedback

Back 42

positive feedback

Front 43

the term that means nearer to the head

Back 43

superior

Front 44

the space enclosing the brain and spinal cord forms a continuous cavity is called?

Back 44

dorsal cavity

Front 45

the abdomen may be divided into four regions each of which is called a

Back 45

quadrant

Front 46

the cavity that houses the bladder is abdominopelvic cavity

Back 46

abdominopelvic cavity

Front 47

the ventral body cavity that contains the stomach, most of the intestine, the liver, and the spleen is ?

Back 47

abdominal cavity

Front 48

abdomen may be subdivided into nine regions, including three along the midline. the region closest to the sternum is?

Back 48

epigastric region

Front 49

space between the lungs is called?

Back 49

mediastinum

Front 50

the diaphragm separates the abdominopelvic cavity from ?

Back 50

thoracic cavity

Front 51

positively charged particle inside the atomic nucleus

Back 51

proton

Front 52

the smallest complete unit of matter

Back 52

atom

Front 53

an uncharged particle inside the atomic nucleus

Back 53

neutron

Front 54

a substance composed of one type of atom

Back 54

element

Front 55

part of the atom containing protons and neutrons

Back 55

nucleus

Front 56

a negatively charged particle outside the atomic nucleus

Back 56

electron

Front 57

substance that is dissolved in another substance

Back 57

solvent

Front 58

mixture in which substances will settle out unless the mixture is shaken

Back 58

suspension

Front 59

term used to describe a solution mostly formed of water

Back 59

aqueous

Front 60

cytoplasm and blood plasma are examples of this type of mixture

Back 60

mixture

Front 61

any combination of two or more substances in which each constituent maintains its identity

Back 61

colloid

Front 62

negatively charged ions

Back 62

anion

Front 63

a bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms

Back 63

covalent

Front 64

compounds that form ions when in solution

Back 64

electrolytes

Front 65

positively charged ions

Back 65

cations

Front 66

a bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another

Back 66

ionic

Front 67

word part
-phobia

Back 67

to fear

Front 68

word part
phil

Back 68

to like, attachment to

Front 69

word part
glyc/o

Back 69

sugar

Front 70

word part
heter/o

Back 70

different

Front 71

word part
hydr/o

Back 71

water

Front 72

word part
hom/o

Back 72

same

Front 73

word part
poly-

Back 73

many

Front 74

word part
aqu/e

Back 74

water

Front 75

word part
sacchar/o

Back 75

sugar

Front 76

word part
co-

Back 76

together

Front 77

the element that is the basic for organic chemistry

Back 77

carbon

Front 78

the smallest particle of an element that has all the properties of that element is an ?

Back 78

atom

Front 79

if an electron is added to an atom it becomes a type of charged particle known as?

Back 79

anion

Front 80

electrons are arranged around the nucleus in specific orbit

Back 80

energy levels

Front 81

a pH of seven is said to be

Back 81

neutral

Front 82

building block for sugars are

Back 82

monosaccharides

Front 83

covalent bonds are

Back 83

polar or nonpolar

Front 84

salt completely dissolved in water is an example of an

Back 84

aqueous solution

Front 85

a fat can also be called a

Back 85

lipid

Front 86

the most abundant element by mass in the human body?

Back 86

hydrogen

Front 87

an isotope that disintegrates, giving off rays of atomic particles is said to be ?

Back 87

radioactive

Front 88

the number of electrons lost or gained by an atom in a chemical reaction

Back 88

valence

Front 89

water can dissolve many different things. For this reason it is called a ______________ _________.

Back 89

universal solvent

Front 90

sugar water is a mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another and remains evenly distributed - this is an example of what kind of mixture?

Back 90

SUSPENSION

Front 91

microscope that provides a three-dimensional view of an object

Back 91

scanning electron microscope

Front 92

the most common microscope, which magnifies an object up to 1,000 times

Back 92

compound light microscope

Front 93

a microscope that magnifies an object up to one million times

Back 93

transmission electron microscope

Front 94

structure that assembles ribosomes

Back 94

nucleolus

Front 95

structure that assembles amino aacids into proteins

Back 95

ribosomes

Front 96

set of membranes involved in packaging proteins for export

Back 96

golgi apparatus

Front 97

small saclike structure used to transport substances within the cell

Back 97

vesicle

Front 98

membraneous organelle that generates ATP

Back 98

mitochondrion

Front 99

small saclike structure that degrades waste products

Back 99

lysosomes

Front 100

site of DNA storage

Back 100

nucleus

Front 101

process by which one cell divides into two identical daughter cells

Back 101

mitosis

Front 102

nuclear membrane reforms during this phase

Back 102

telophase

Front 103

centrioles begin to form and chromosomes condense during this phase

Back 103

prophase

Front 104

the phase of mitosis when chromosomes are aligned in the middle of the cell

Back 104

metaphase

Front 105

DNA synthesis occurs during this phase

Back 105

intraphase

Front 106

the chromosomes are being pulled apart in this phase

Back 106

anaphase

Front 107

process that utilized a carrier to move materials across the plasma membrane against the concentration gradient using ATP

Back 107

active transport

Front 108

process that utilizes a carrier to move materials across the plasma membrane in the direction of the concentration gradient

Back 108

facilitated diffusion

Front 109

special form of diffusion that applies only to water

Back 109

osmosis

Front 110

spread of molecules throughout an area

Back 110

diffusion

Front 111

small fluid droplets are brought into the cell using this method

Back 111

pinocytosis

Front 112

word part
phag/o

Back 112

to eat/ingest

Front 113

word part
pino-

Back 113

to drink

Front 114

word part
-some

Back 114

body

Front 115

lys/o

Back 115

loosening/dissolving

Front 116

word part
cyt/o

Back 116

cell

Front 117

word part
hyper-

Back 117

above, over, excessive

Front 118

word part
hem/o

Back 118

blood

Front 119

word part
iso-

Back 119

same, equal

Front 120

word part
hypo-

Back 120

below/deficient

Front 121

word part
end/o

Back 121

in, within

Front 122

a group of cells similar in structure and function

Back 122

tissue

Front 123

term that describes flat, irregular epithelial cells

Back 123

squamous

Front 124

a term that means "in layers"

Back 124

stratified

Front 125

term that describes long and narrow epithelial cells

Back 125

columnar

Front 126

term that describes square epithelial cells

Back 126

cuboidal

Front 127

cells arranged in a single layer

Back 127

simple

Front 128

the thigh muscle is an example of?

Back 128

voluntary muscle

Front 129

tissue that forms when cartilage gradually becomes impregnated with calcium salts

Back 129

bone

Front 130

the thick, muscular layer of the heart wall

Back 130

myocardium

Front 131

a type of tissue found in membranes and glands

Back 131

epithelial tissue

Front 132

visceral muscle is also known as

Back 132

smooth muscle

Front 133

a cell that carries nerve impulses is called

Back 133

neuron

Front 134

a tissue in which cells are separated by large amounts of acellular material called matrix

Back 134

connective tissue

Front 135

a cord of connective tissue that connects a muscle to a bone

Back 135

tendon

Front 136

a tough membranous connective tissue that encloses an organ

Back 136

capsule

Front 137

the cartilage found between the bones of the spine

Back 137

fibrocartilage

Front 138

a fiber found in most connective tissues

Back 138

collagen

Front 139

a cell that synthesizes cartilage

Back 139

chondrocyte

Front 140

a strong, gristly cartilage that makes up the trachea

Back 140

hyaline cartilage

Front 141

an epithelial membrane that lines a body cavity or covers an internal organ

Back 141

serous membrane

Front 142

epithelial membrane also known as the skin

Back 142

cutaneous membrane

Front 143

membrane that lines a space open to the outside of the body

Back 143

mucous membrane

Front 144

portion of a serous membrane attached to an organ

Back 144

visceral layer

Front 145

portion of a serous membrane attached to the body wall

Back 145

peritoneum

Front 146

epithelial portion of serous membrane

Back 146

mesothelium

Front 147

serous membrane covering the heart

Back 147

serous pericardium

Front 148

sheet of tissue that underlies the skin

Back 148

superficial fascia

Front 149

connective tissue membrane that lines joint cavities

Back 149

synovial membrane

Front 150

tough membrane composed entirely of connective tissue that serves to anchor and support an organ or to cover a muscle

Back 150

deep fascia

Front 151

a layer of fibrous connective tissue around a bone

Back 151

periosteum

Front 152

membrane that covers cartilage

Back 152

perichondrium

Front 153

term for a tumor that does not spread

Back 153

benign

Front 154

term for a tumor that spread to other tissues

Back 154

malignant

Front 155

general term for a tumor composed of blood or lymphatic vessels

Back 155

angioma

Front 156

benign connective tissue tumor that originates in a bone

Back 156

osteoma

Front 157

benign epithelial tumor that originates in a gland

Back 157

adenoma

Front 158

malignant tumor originating in connective tissue

Back 158

sarcoma

Front 159

tumor that originates in cartilage

Back 159

chondroma

Front 160

small skin tumor that may become malignant

Back 160

nevus

Front 161

6 symptoms of cancer

Back 161

constint indigestion
sore that won't heal
frequent/unusual bleeding & discharge
change in size & color of mole
chronic pain
cough or hoarseness

Front 162

mammography is an example of what technique

Back 162

radiography

Front 163

use of magnetic fields and radio waves to diagnose soft tissue cancers

Back 163

MRI
magnetic resonance imaging

Front 164

technique using high-frequency sound waves

Back 164

ultrasound

Front 165

removal of living tissue for microscopic examination

Back 165

biopsy

Front 166

technique that diagnoses tumors based on their abnormally high activity levels

Back 166

Positron emission tomography
(PET)

Front 167

USE OF MANY X-RAYS TO PRODUCE A CROSS-SECTIONAL IMAGE OF BODY PARTS

Back 167

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
(CT)

Front 168

word parts
chondro

Back 168

cartilage

Front 169

word parts
-itis

Back 169

inflammation

Front 170

word parts
arthr/o

Back 170

joint

Front 171

word parts
-oma

Back 171

tumor, swelling

Front 172

word parts
osse/o

Back 172

bone, bone tissue

Front 173

word parts
-blast

Back 173

immature cell

Front 174

word parts
peri-

Back 174

around

Front 175

word parts
my/o

Back 175

muscle

Front 176

word parts
pseud/o

Back 176

false

Front 177

word parts
hist/o

Back 177

cell

Front 178

word parts
neo-

Back 178

new

Front 179

word parts
angi/o

Back 179

vessel

Front 180

word parts
pleur/o

Back 180

side,rib

Front 181

word parts
leuk/o

Back 181

white

Front 182

word parts
neur/o

Back 182

nerve

Front 183

proper scientific name for a nerve cell

Back 183

neuron

Front 184

mucus is secreted from?

Back 184

goblet cells

Front 185

carilage is produced by?

Back 185

chondrocytes

Front 186

tough connective tissue membrane that covers most parts of all bones

Back 186

periosteum

Front 187

tumor that originates from the support tissue of the central nervous system

Back 187

glioma

Front 188

tumor that originates in the epithelium is a ?

Back 188

carcinoma

Front 189

secretion that traps dust and other inhaled foreign particles?

Back 189

mucus

Front 190

cells that form bone

Back 190

osteoblasts

Front 191

the axons of some neurons have an insulating coating of?

Back 191

myaline

Front 192

the study of tissues

Back 192

histology

Front 193

epithelial membrane that lines the walls of the abdominal cavity

Back 193

parietal cavity

Front 194

mucous membrane can also be called?

Back 194

mucosa