Bio 131-Study Guide Chapter 1- What Is Life?

Front 1

Describe the collection of characteristics common to all living things.

Back 1

Living things have a complex,organized structure that consists largely of organic molecules. Living things respond to stimuli. Living things Actively maintain their complex structure and their internal environments by way of homeostasis. living things acquire and use materials/energy from their environment and convert them. living things grow,reproduce using a molecular blueprint called "DNA". they have the capacity to evolve

Front 2

What does it mean to say that organisms have the capacity to evolve?

Back 2

All organisms possess the capacity to evolve, but it is the ones with adaptations survive and reproduce more successfully than do others that lack those traits.

Front 3

What are the basic assumptions of a "Scientific Inquiry"?

Back 3

basic assumptions could be, the theory has been well tested and the results of the theory have been re-produced many times.

Front 4

Give characteristics of a well-designed, and thus potentially valid, experiment

Back 4

Hypothesis formulation,Designation of the variable, Control groups,Sample size

Front 5

What Homeostatic mechanisms operate in animals to maintain a relatively stable body of temperature?

Back 5

When temperatures rise to high a process of vasodilation occurs in which blood vessels are widened.
When Temperatures drop to low a process of vasoconstriction occurs in which the blood vessels narrow, and blood becomes restricted to the core of your body.

Front 6

Give the sequences of levels of organization of matter from least to most inclusive.

Back 6

1)Atom
2)Molecules
3)Cell
4)Organelle
5)Tissue
6)Organ
7)Individual
8)Population
9)Community
10)Ecosystem

Front 7

At which level in the sequences of organization of matter does life appear?

Back 7

the cell is the smallest form of life

Front 8

What are the rules for using Binomial Nomenclature? Give several examples of scientific names

Back 8

System of naming organisms in which each organism is indicated by two words, the genus (capitalized) and species (lowercase) names, both written in italics. For example, the tea rose is Rosa odorata; the common horse is Equus caballus. The system was developed by Carolus Linnaeus in the mid 18th century. The number of binomial names proliferated as new species were established and more categories were formed, and by the late 19th century the nomenclature of many groups of organisms was confused. International committees in the fields of zoology, botany, bacteriology, and virology have since established rules to clarify the situation. See also taxonomy.

Front 9

What is a Taxidea taxus? What is a Lynx rufus?Lynx lynx

Back 9

A Badger, A Bobcat, Eurasian Lynx

Front 10

Describe the characteristics of a prokaryotic cell

Back 10

Simple Cell Structure, Genetic material is not in the nucleus, one chromosome, includes bacteria

Front 11

describe the characteristics of a eukaryotic cell

Back 11

More complex cell structure genetic materials membrane bound nucleus, many chromosomes

Front 12

Which Kingdoms have single-cell vs. multicellular organisms?

Back 12

Unicellular Kingdoms: Protista & Monera; Multicellular Kingdoms: Animalia, Fungi, Plantae.

Front 13

What are the five kingdoms of living things?

Back 13

Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Protista, Monera

Front 14

Which of the five kingdoms of life have prokaryotic cells? which have eukaryotic?

Back 14

All kingdoms are Eukayotes but Monera who are prokatotes

Front 15

Are virus's considered living things? what does it mean to say they are obligate intracellular parasites?

Back 15

Virus's are not considered living things. Obligate intracellular parasites require a host cell to live.

Front 16

Why is it so difficult to treat viral diseases?

Back 16

they are difficult to eliminate without killing the host cell.

Front 17

How are viral vaccines produced, and why? how are viruses typically transmitted and why?

Back 17

Viral vaccines must be grown in eggs or other live cells, it is very time consuming. not practical where there is no refrigeration . Virsus are typically transmitted through body secretions

Front 18

What are the principals of the law of natural causality

Back 18

All events can be traced to natural causes that are potentially in our ability to comprehend.

Front 19

What are the principals of the constancy of natural laws?

Back 19

The laws of physics and chemistry that govern all non-living things also applies to all living things in all places across time.

Front 20

How is the word theory used differently then in everyday language?

Back 20

In scientific terms a "theory" i is a general explanation of an important natural phenomena

Front 21

differentiate between inductive and deductive reasoning

Back 21

inductive reasoning is creating a generalization based on a result of many observations. deductive reasoning is creating a hypothesis based on a well supported scientific theory.

Front 22

What kinds of bonds exist within a water molecule?

Back 22

Hydrogen Bonds

Front 23

What kind of bonds exist between water molecules?

Back 23

Polar Covalent Bonds