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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Proteins are?
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An organic compound made of one or more polypeptide chains of amino acids (enzymes, gelatin, collagen, hemoglobin) Functions: structural components of cells, organic catalysts, antibodies, hormones
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What is Activation Energy?
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It initiates chemical reactions
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Proteins vary widely?
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In structure
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The structure of a protein can be analyzed at four levels that form a hierarchy
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The amino acid sequence, substructures called α-helices and β-pleated sheets, interactions between amino acids that dictate a protein's overall shape, and combinations of individual proteins that make up larger, multiunit molecules
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In cells, most proteins are
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enzymes that function as catalysts
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Chemical reactions occur much faster when they are
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catalyzed by enzymes
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During enzyme catalysis
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the reactants bind to an enzyme's active site in a specific way
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Catalyze means?
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speed up chemical reactons
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A protein that functions as a catalyst is called?
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an Enzyme
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what does the protein Hemoglobin do?
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Hemoglobin carries oxygen from your lungs to cells throughout the body.
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what does Carbonic Anhydrase do?
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Carbonic Anhydrase is a protein, which is found in red blood cells, that carries carbon dioxide from cells back to the lungs.
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functions of Proteins are?
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Defense, Movement, Catalysis, Signaling, Structure, and Transport
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Antibodies and complement proteins' role
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Defense--destruction of disease-causing viruses and bacteria
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Contractile proteins and motor proteins' role
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Movement
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Hormones proteins' role
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Act as signals that help coordinate the activities of many cells
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Receptor proteins' role
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receive chemical signals from outside cell and initiate response
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Transport proteins' role
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move substances across cell membrane and throughout body
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Structural proteins' role
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provide support for cells and tissues; form structures such as hair, feathers, cocoons, and spider webs
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