Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Polyribosome
|
a string of ribosomes that translate regions of the same mRNA strand at the same time
|
|
endomembrane system
|
a system of membranes that compartmentalize the cell so that particular reactions are restricted to particular regions
|
|
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
|
complex system of membranous channels and saccules that synthesizes and transports various organic molecules
|
|
rough ER
|
ER that has attached ribosomes
|
|
vesicles
|
small membrane bound sacs that store and transport substances within a cell
|
|
smooth ER
|
ER that does not have attached ribosomes
|
|
Golgi apparatus
|
organelle consisting of saccules that processes, packages, and distributes molecules within and outside of the cell
|
|
secretion
|
releases of a substance by exocytosis from a cell
|
|
lysosome
|
membrane bound organelles that contain hydrolytic enzymes for breaking down macromolecules
|
|
apoptosis
|
programmed cell death
|
|
vacuole
|
large membrane-bound sac that usually functions in storage
|
|
central vacuole
|
a large vacuole in plant cells that store water and molecules, supports the cell and helps it increase in size
|
|
chloroplasts
|
membrane bound organelle in plants and algae where photosynthesis takes place
|
|
mitochondria
|
membrane-bound organelle in which ATP molecules are produced during cellular respiration
|
|
photosynthesis
|
a process by which solar energy is converted to chemical energy in the form of carbohydrates
|
|
cellular respiration
|
the process by which chemical energy of carbohydrates is converted to that of ATP
|
|
plastid
|
an organelle of a plant or animal cell that is bound by a double membrane and contains internal membranes or vesicles
|
|
stroma
|
space and fluid within a chloroplast that contains thylakoids and enzymes used during photosynthesis
|
|
thylakoid
|
flattened sac within the stroma whose membrane contains chlorophyll
|
|
peroxisome
|
enzme filled, membrane bound vesicle that breaks down fatty acid
|
|
chromoplast
|
plastids that contain red, orange or yellow pigments
|
|
leucoplast
|
colorless plastids that synthesize and stores starches and oils
|
|
cristae
|
short, finger-like projections that form from folding of the interior mitochondrial membrane
|
|
matrix
|
semifluid substance in the mitochondria that contains mitochondrial DNA and ribosomes
|
|
cytoskeleton
|
internal framework of the cell that contains microtubules, actin filaments and intermediate filaments
|
|
actin filaments
|
long thin flexible fibers made up of the protein actin
|
|
motor molecules
|
protein that moves along actin filaments to move organelles
|
|
intermediate filaments
|
rope-like assembly of fibrous polypeptides in the cytoskeleton
|
|
microtubules
|
small cylindrical organelle made from the globular protein tubulin
|
|
centrosome
|
central microtubule organizing center or region
|
|
centriole
|
animal cell organelle made of the short cylinders of microtubules
|
|
basal bodies
|
a microtubule structure located at the base of the cilia and flagella
|
|
cilia
|
short, hair like cell projections made from microtubules that often occur in large numbers and aid in cell locomotion
|
|
flagella
|
long slender microtubule projections used for locomotion in bacteria, protists, and sperm cells
|