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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How long ago did the Hominid evolutionary line diverge from that leading to the apes
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between 5-7 million years
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List two sources of evidence that points to this time divergence
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antibody blood reaction, and DNA comparison
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When comparing the human and ape, what advancements made humans bipedalism?
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Human- wide thighs and knock kneed, pelvis
Chimp- parallel thighs and bent knees to walk, and the pelvis of the chimp is inside out |
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How long ago did Lucy appear?
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3.5 million years ago
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How long ago did homo habilis appear
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1.9 million years ago
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How long ago did homo erectus appear
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1.5 million years ago
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how long ago did neanderthals appear
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125,000 years ago
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how long ago did cro magnon appear
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35,000 years ago
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The charactericts of smaller teeth, and jaws, prence of a chin, thin facial bones, larger brain, and a rounder skull belong to this group
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homo sapiens
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who were the first tool makers
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homo habilis
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who were the first tool makers
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homo habilis
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who changed the geographic distribution of hominids during the Pleistocene migration
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homo erectus
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who become extinct nearly 30,000 years ago of Europe and Asia
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neanderthalensis
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What is a group that included apes and humans
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hominoids
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a population of homo sapiens that lived from 100,000 years ago to 35,000 years ago
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neandertals
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what is the order that includes animals with freely swiveling limbs, mobile grasping digits, upright bodies, good depth preception, and exquiste nerual control
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primates
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what is a group that includes new world monkeys only
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ceboids
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what is a group that includes new world monkeys, old world monkeys, and humans
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anthropoids
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what is a organism that include tree shrews, lori, lemurs, and others
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prosimians
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what bipedal organism lived 3.8 to 1 million years ago with human bodies, ape shaped heads, and brains no larger than chimps
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australopith
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what is the classification that only includes humans
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homonids
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what was the greatest asset possessed by early hominids
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their ability to walk without forelimbs
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the conclusion that hominids such as Lucy was bipedal was based on
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the angles made by the pelvis bone, the heavy muscular build, and the ability to reason
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what is the feature that is most important in the evolution of hominids
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plasticity
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Some examples of Cephalochordata include lancelets, what are the characteristics of this group
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Simple nervous system with on nerve cord(notochord). Jawless, no brain or eyes. They reproduce externally sexually and asexually. They are filter feeeders, they have gill bars for gas exchange.
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Some examples of Agnatha (jawless fish) include hag fish which have a myxini or slime glands. What are the characteristics of this group of animals
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Have a jaw made of cartilage but lack jaws and vertebrae. Exothermic, hermaphrodites and die after they mate. All are marine. Parasites , no true stomach. 2 chamber heart with open and closed circulatory system.
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Some examples of Chandrichthyan (cartilage fish) include sharks and rays, what are characteristics of this group?
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Good vision electrical spots. vertebrae, craninates. internal fertilization(vivparous-some placenta, oviparous- outside, ovoviviparous- inside) jaws appendages. 2 chamber heart, 5 gills on each side
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Some examples of Osteichtyes are bony fish which is split into 2 groups, ray finned and lobe finned. What are their characteristics?
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Skeletal elements, muscle, bones, 3 part brain with nervous system. Oviparous- external fertilization. 2 chamber heart counter current exchange. ray finned fish is the largest fish group.
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Some examples of amphiba include frogs and salamanders. What are their characteristics?
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Brain and nervous system, control functions, can live on land, zygote needs to be in water, external reproduction, jelly eggs, 3 chamber double circulation heart. No diaphragm.
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Some examples of Reptilia include turtles and snakes. What are their characteristics?
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Eggs on land, skin doesn't dry out, exothermic, kidney and uric acid, amneotic eyes, internal fertilization, tetropods, lungs, 4 chamber heart.
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Aves, birds, what are some characteristics?
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flight, endothermic, 4 chamber hearts.
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Mammals are classified into 3 groups, monotremes (lay eggs and no nipples, have glands that secrete milk) marsupials (nipples, give birht to live young, young held in pouch called marsupium), and eutherians ( placental )
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hair and skin, nurse young, endothermic, live birth, back bone muscle (neocortex) , 4 chamber heart, lungs,
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