Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Explainalternation of generations
|
The cycle that plants go through. The alternation part describes how they change from diploid (sporophyte) to haploid (gametophyte) stages.
|
|
|
Describehow the relative dominance of the sporophyte and gametophyte generation differsin bryophytes, ferns, and seed plants
|
Bryophyte-gametophyte dominant
Ferns-sporophyte dominant Seed plants- |
|
|
Explainhow bryophytes, ferns and seed plants differ in their dependence on water forreproduction and growth.
|
Bryophytes-need water to enable motile sperm to swim Ferns- Seed Plants-Dependent on water for sperm to swim to the egg |
|
|
Describe the life cycle of a moss |
Wet conditions sperm cells are released from antheridia and swim to archegonia(chemical attraction). if fertilization occurs the egg cell within the female organ will develop into a spore producing plant. this consists of a stalk with a spore capsule. as the spore capsule matures it releases spores into the air and dies. if the spores fall into a damp place they germinate and grow into leafy moss plants |
|
|
describe the life cycle of a fern |
Spores are produced by meiosis from the sporangia. the spores are released by wind and if they land in suitable place it becomes a small gametophyteh. the gametophyte produces gametes from both female and male organs. The sperm swim to the egg with the assistance of water and if the sperm reaches the egg then fertilization occurs the chromosomes double and a new fern plant rises and the cycle repeats sporophyte alternates with gametophyte |
|
|
1. Describethe structure and function of the strobilus of a club moss. In what ways is thestrobilus similar to the cone in gymnosperms?
|
Conelike clusters of small leaves composed of sporophylls |
|
|
Whatare the advantages of having seeds?
|
Hard outer shells protect from damage, have endosperms that supply nutrients and minerals needed to fully grow and develop |
|
|
Howare spores produced by seed plants different than those of Bryophytes
|
Seed plants produce microspores and megaspores. Evolutionary trend has been reduction in the size of the gametophyte |
|
|
What does Gymnosperm mean?1. Whatdoes this refer to with regard to the seeds of gymnosperms? |
"naked seed" the seeds of a gymnosperm are unprotected by an ovary or fruit the seed is "naked" |
|
|
1. Whatdoes the word Angiosperm mean? What does this refer to with regard to the seedsof angiosperms?
|
"contained seed" flowering plant that produces seeds enclosed within a carpel ex. shrubs, grasses, most trees |
|
|
Whatcharacteristics do animals have that separate them from other Kingdoms?
|
multicellular, heterotrophic, reproduce sexually,cells don't have cell walls,respond to external stimuli,mobility |
|
|
Explainthe significance of the 3 types of symmetry seen in animal body plans
|
Radial-(around a central axis)enables sedentary or slow moving/floating animals to experience environment from all directions Bilateral-("mirror sides") allows streamlined and directional motions& promotes active mobility asymmetric-no body plan symmetry |
|
|
Describethe structure and functions of collar cells in sponges
|
Collar cells are sticky funnel shaped collar with a hair-like whip that is called the flagellum. The function is to force water through the sponge and also bring in bits of food with water |
|
|
14. There are no organs for excretion and gas exchange in cnidarians. How do they accomplish these two functions?
|
Cnidarians handle gas exchange and excretion by diffusion with water |
|
|
15. Describe the two body forms of cnidarians and give an example of each.
|
Medusoid(jellyfish)-bell or umbrella shape with tentacles hanging downward Polypoid(anenomes&corals)-tentacles and mouth facing up and other side affixed to a substrate or connected to a colony |
|
|
16. Describe the structure and function of nematocysts.
|
Nematocysts are microscopic intracellular stinging capsules. their number one function is to help capture prey and their secondary function is a defense mechanism. |
|
|
Describehow the development of bilateral symmetry relates to animal movement
|
Bilateral symmetry promotes active mobility and increased sophistication of resource-seeking and predator-prey relationships |
|
|
1. Inwhat ways are planarians more advanced than a jellyfish? How are they more primitivethan a clam?
|
Planarians have mesoderm which allows tissues to organize and even connect organ systems. They were flat and the first to have mesoderm. They can be found in any environment that has water |
