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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four most common elements in living organisms? |
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen |
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Describe a compound. |
A compound contains two or more different elements in a fixed ratio. |
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In the equation 2 H₂ + O₂ → 2 H₂O, what is the compound? |
H₂O |
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What particles are found in the nucleus of an atom? |
Protons and neutrons |
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An uncharged atom of boron has an atomic number of 5 and an atomic massof 11. How many electrons does boron have? |
5 |
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Thesodium atom contains 11 electrons, 11 protons, and 12 neutrons. What is themass number of sodium? |
23 |
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Describe what determines the atomic number of an atom. |
The number of protons. |
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Radioactive isotopes A)are frequently added to foods as nutritional supplements. B) can be used in conjunction with PETscans to diagnose diseases. C)do not occur naturally. D)are never incorporated into organic compounds. |
B) can be used inconjunction with PET scans to diagnose diseases. |
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What is formed when two atoms share electrons? |
Covalent bond |
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Table salt is formed when __________________ |
sodium donates its single outer electron to chlorine. |
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What is the oxygen atom relative to the hydrogen atoms of a water molecule? |
Oxygen is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms. |
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The hydrogen atoms of a water molecule are bonded to the oxygen atom by _________ bonds, whereas neighboring water molecules are held together by ______________ bonds. |
Polar covalent . . . hydrogen |
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The tendency of water molecules to stick together is referred to as _______________ |
cohesion. |
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Adiabetic, who does not utilize insulin properly, will metabolize fats insteadof glucose. A condition called diabetic ketoacidosis is a common result ofexcessive fat metabolism, causing blood pH values of 7.1 or less (normal range= 7.35—7.45). What has happened to the blood pH and why? |
The pH is below normal(acidic) because the buffering capacity was exceeded. |
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The emission of ____________ and ____________ are primarily responsible for acid precipitation. |
nitrogen oxides . . . sulfur oxides |
