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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Spirogyra Eukaryotic |
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Plasmodium vivax Causes- malaria Motility- sporozoa |
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Trypanosoma gambineseCauses- African sleeping sicknessMotility- mastifophor |
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Treponema pallidum Causes- syphilis |
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Neisseria gonorrheae Causes- gonorrhea Morphology- diplococci |
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Volvox Eukartoyic |
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Trichomonas vaginalis Causes- vaginitis Motility- mastifophor |
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Giardia lamblia Causes- giardiasis Motility- mastifophor |
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Cyanobacteria Nostoc No nucleus
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Heterocyst (nitrogen fixation) Gas vacuole (buoyancy) |
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Entamoeba histolytica Causes- amoebic dysenteryMotility- sarcodena |
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Sarcodina |
Ameboid motion (psudopods) |
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Mastigophora |
Flagella |
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Ciliata |
Ciliated |
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Sporozoa |
Mature stages are non motile |
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TSB |
Tryptic soy broth |
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Resolving power |
Ability to distinguish objects that are close together |
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Positive taxis |
Movement towards the stimulus |
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Negative chemotaxis |
Moves away from some chemical |
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Bibulous paper |
Used to blot slides dry |
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Name the 2 basic stains |
Methylene blue Crystal violet |
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What are the two types of general dyes? |
Basic and acidic |
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Chromophore |
Part of the dye molecule that is brightly colored |
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What is the principle of staining? |
Unlike charges attract and similar charges repel |
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What charge do bacteria have? |
Negative |
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What is the color of a gram positive cell? |
Purple Thick peptidoglycan layer |
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What is the color of a gram negative cell? |
Pink Thin peptidoglycan layer |
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Gram staining us an example of what type of staining? |
Differential staining |
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What are the chemicals involved in gram staining and what are their functions? |
Crystal violet- primary stain Grams iodine- mordant Ethanol- decolorizer Safranin- counter stain
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What type of cells are mycobacterium and Nocardia? |
acid fast |
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Acid fast staining is an example of what kind of staining? |
Differential staining |
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What are some diseases that can use acid fast to help with a diagnosis? |
TB and leprosy |
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What are the reagents in acid fast staining and what are their functions? |
Carbolfuchin- primary stain Acid alcohol- strong decolorizer Methylene blue- counter stain |
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What do acid fast cell walls contain that makes them unique? |
Lipoidal mycolic acid |
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What is the function of spores? |
Resistant to harsh environments |
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What are the reagents used in endospore staining and what are their functions? |
Malachite green- primary stain (stains endospores) Safranin- counterstain (stains vegatative cells) |
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Clostridium botulinum |
Botulism |
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Clostridium tetani |
Tetanus |
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Clostridium perfingens |
Gangrene |
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Clostridium difficile |
Antibiotic related diarrhea |
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Bacillus spp. |
Bacatracin (Antibiotic ointment) |
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Why do we heat the slide while primary staining in acid fast staining? |
Heating the lipid cell walls melts them, carbofuschin enters the cell, cell cools and then carbofuschin can't leave the cell |
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What is a capsule and what is its function? |
A capsule is a mucoid layer that surrounds the cell wall of some bacteria. They offer protection against phagocytosis. |
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Name a species of bacteria that produces a capsule. |
Klebsiella pneumoniae |
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What is the media that is used to grow encapsulated bacteria? |
Skim milk agar |
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What are the reagents used to stain capsules? |
Congo red Menavel's capsule stain |
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Stentor (motility) |
Ciliata |
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Chaos (motility) |
Sarcodina (ameoba) |
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Euglena (motility) |
Mastigophora |
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Paramecium (motility) |
Ciliata |
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Blepharisma (motility) |
Ciliata |
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Actinospherium (motility) |
Sarcodina |
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Terminal endospore |
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Terminal with enlarged sporangium |
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Central endospore |
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Subterminal endospore |
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Oedogonium (Eukaryotic) |
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Gleocapsa |
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Anabena |
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Enterococcus faecalis |
Entero- in intestines Coccus- circular Faecalis- found in fecal matter |
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Vibrio cholerae |
Vibrio- comma shaped Cholerae- causes cholera |
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Staphylococcus aureus |
Staphylo- clusters Coccus- spheres Areus- golden color |
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Thiobacillus ferrooxidans |
Thio- containing sulfur Bacillus- rods Ferro- iron Oxidans- oxidizes |
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Streptococcus pyogenes |
Strepto- chains Coccus- round shape Pyogenes- pus forming |
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Bacillus subtilis |
Bacilis- rod shaped Subtilis- found in soil |
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
Myco- fungi Bacterium- rod shaped Tuberculosis- causes tuberculosis |
