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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Photosynthesis |
Process by which plants convert sunlight (light energy) into chemical energy and food |
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Chlorophyll
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Green pigment that absorbs light |
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Stomata (Stoma)
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Tiny pores that release oxygen |
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Photosynthetic autographs (3 EX's) |
1.) Land based plants (tree)
2.) Photosynthetic protists (kelp) 3.) Photosynthetic bacteria (cyanobacteria) |
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Thylakoid |
Interconnected membrane sacks that are involved in exchange of gases and photosynthesis |
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Stroma |
Thick fluid within the thylakoids that help with gas exchange |
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Grana (Granum) |
A stack of thylakoids |
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Photosynthesis (Thylakoids/Grana) |
Receives light, carbon dioxide (from environment) and NADP+, ADP+P (from Calvin Cycle). Ejects oxygen (into environment) and ATP, NADPH (to the Calvin Cycle). |
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Light Reactions |
Chlorophyll in the thylakoid membrane absorbs light energy and converts it to ATP. |
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NAPDH |
Is an electron carrier that is sent to the calvin cycle to power the ETC it gets its electron from the splitting of water |
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Photosynthesis (Calvin Cycle) |
Receives carbon dioxide (from environment) and NADPH, ATP (from thylakoids/grana) Ejects sugar (into environment) and NADP+, ADP+P (to thylakoids/grana) |
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Carbon Fixation |
Removal of carbon from the air and its subsequent incorporation into plant matter |
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Wavelength and electromagnetic spectrum |
Distance between two crests of a wave and the range of different types of light |
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Chrorophyll A/B |
A is used to absorb blue/violet and red light while B is used mostly to absorb blue and orange light. B feeds its energy into A instead of making its own reactions |
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Carotenoids |
Yellow and orange pigments which absorb blue/green light. They sometimes dissipate light that would otherwise damage A and B this also why leaves change color in the fall |
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Excitation/Absorption of light |
Chlorophyll molecule absorbs and photon which excites an electron, this electron moves from a ground state to an excited state, when it falls back down to a ground state it releases energy in the form of heat and light which powers photosynthesis |
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Photosystem |
A collection of a few hundred pigment molecules mostly made of A/B with some carotenoids |
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How light generates ATP and NADPH |
1.) Photon is trapped an excites an electron in photosystem 1, it sends this electron to the ETC and then replaces it by splitting water (release of O2) 2.) Electron is passed down the ETC and this falling of an electron releases ATP 3.) Photosystem 2 transports its excited electron to NAPD+ to make NADPH (photon builds up E's again) |
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Calvin cycle (How it works) |
1.) Enzyme adds CO2 to a 5-carbon sugar called RuBP, the resulting molecule breaks into 2 three-carbon molecules 2.) Using energy from ATP and NADPH from the 3 carbon molecules into a 3 carbon sugar called G3P 3.) One of the G3P sugars are spewed out to make glucose and the other organic compounds the other continues (3 CO2 to every one G3P molecule outputted) 4.) Using ATP it reorganizes the remaining G3P into RuBP and the cycle restarts |
