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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1st law of thermodynamics
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energy cannot be created/destroyed, only converted, if you started wiith it you end with it
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2nd Law of thermodynamics
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disorder (entropy) always increases
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Energy flow through a system
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chemical RXN=build or breaks bonds
Reactants -> products Exergonic gives up energy (heat) Endergonic requires energy input |
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Building ATP/Energy (equation)
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C6H12O6 + 6O2-> ATP + CO2 + 6H2O
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moving energy around
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electron carriers
ATP: most common, energy carrier molecule |
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ATP
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comes from glucose breakdown
highly unstable only within the cell, no transfer to other cels |
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coupled reaction
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Very common in cells
Exergonic provides energy for endergonic ATP from glucose breakdown "fires" protein synthesis in endergonic Need a carrier like ATP or electrons relatively slow |
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Catalysts and Enzymes
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Catalysts speed up RXN
enzymes (Biological catalysts) Lower activation energy speed up exer and endo rxn not used up; recyled |
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lock key scenario for enzymes
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very specific
some only act when ther is a coenzyme substrate contacts active site change in shape causes RXN substrate leaves enzyme |
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Enzyme regulation: competitive
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molecule blocks teh active site - won't work (TB bacterime and vaccine
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Enzyme regulation non competitive
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some other molecule binds to enzyme and distorts it so it is no longer useful
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feedback inhibition:
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end product of multi-enzyme RXN inhibits start of RXN
large amounts of ATP can block production of more ATP |