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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Annulus fibrosus made of what |
Collagen type 1 |
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Which areas of spine are primary curves |
Thoracic and sacrum |
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Orientation of articular joints in cervical, thoracic and lumbar |
Cervical is flattish, but become more vertical lower you go. Thoracic vertical. Lumbar have reciprocal curvature |
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What are the pedicles |
Connection between posterior elements and body of vertebra |
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Atlas bone has large body, true or false |
False, doesn't have body |
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Cup shaped articulations for ribs most prominent where in thoracic vertebra |
Upper |
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Sacroiliac joint is what type |
Synovial plane |
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Where do compression fractures most occur |
Thoracic |
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Anulus damaged more likely anterior or posterior |
Posterior |
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Disc failure leads to forces going more posterior, true or false |
True |
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Symptoms of cauda equina syndrome |
Severe back pain, saddle anaesthesia, bladder and bowel dysfunction, sciatica, lower limb weakness |
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Where does spondylolysis usually occur |
L4 and l5 |
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What happens to Scottie dog in spondylolisthesis? |
Gains collar |
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Describe nucleus pulposus |
70% water with few cartilage and collagen. Can be deformed not compressed |
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Describe annulus fibrosus |
Highly ordered lamellae of collagen. Thicker anteriorly. Strong. |
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What cartilage is vertebral end plate made of |
Hyaline |
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Which part of the vertebral body do ligamenta flava attach to |
Lamina |
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From anterior to posterior, what is order of ligaments in vertebra |
Anterior ligament, posterior ligament, ligamentum flavum, interspinous, supraspinous |
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3 muscles of erector spinae |
I love sitting - iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis |
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When does deceleration phase of gait cycle begin |
Tibia passes beyond perpendicular |
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What is normal starting point for gait analysis |
Heel strike |
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Stance phase parts are.... |
Heel strike, foot flat, midstance, heel off, toe off |
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Swing phase parts |
Acceleration, midswing, deceleration |
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When is centre of gravity at its highest and lowest in gait cycle |
Highest mid stance or swing, lowest during double support |
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Dorsiflexion or platarflexion at beginning of swing phase |
Plantar |
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Which cadence higher, adult or child gait |
Child |