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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Type of thinking used by Id
Principal? |
Primary Process
Pleasure Principle |
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Type of thinking used by Ego
Principal? |
Secondary Process
Reality Principle |
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Jung's "Collective Unconcious" contains what?
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Archetypes, which contribute to complexes
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4 criticisms of psychodynamics?
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Difficult to evaluate/research
Ignores female development Heavy emphasis on sex. dev. Based on limited, adult pt's |
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Gambling and Fishing are example of this type of reinforcement schedule
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Variable ratio
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Freud's Stages of Life
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Oral (0-1yr)
Anal (1-3yrs) Phallic (3-5/6) Latency (5/6-11/13) Genital (13-adult) |
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Erikson's Stages of Life
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Infancy (0-1yr)
Late Infancy (1-3yrs) Early Childhood (3-6) Middle Childhood (7-12) Adolescence (13-18) Young Adult (18-30) Middle Adult (30-65) Old Age (65-80) Very Old Age (80+) |
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Piaget's Four Stages
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Sonsorimotor (0-2)
Preoperational (2-7) Concerte Operations (7-11) Formal Operations (11+) |
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Erikson's Infancy Stage aka
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Basic Trust vs Mistrust
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4 events occuring during Erikson's Trust vs Mistrus (Freud's Oral) Stage
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Social Smile (2-4 mos)
Stranger Anxiety (9 mos) Separation Anxiety (11-12 mo) Early Reflexes Disappear |
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Name 5 inborn reflexes and when they disappear
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Stepping (2-3 mos)
Grasp (4 mos) Moro (4-6 mos) Suck/Root (4-6 mos) Babinski (12-18 mos) |
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Physical developments at:
1 mo: 6 mo: 7 mo: 10 mo: 12 mo: |
1 mo: Lift Head
6 mo: Sit 7 mo: roll over 10 mo: crawl 12 mo: walk |
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Physical developments at:
13mo: 18mo: 24mo: |
13mo: Walk
18mo: Up Steps 24mo: Jump |
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Physical developments at:
3yrs |
Ride Trike
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Physical development at:
4yrs. |
Hop on one foot
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Fine motor developments at:
4mo 9mo 14mo 18mo 24mo 36mo 48mo |
4mo: Grasp
9mo: Pincer Grasp 14mo: Scribbles 18mo: 4 Cubes 24mo: Draws Vertical Line 36mo: Copies Circle 48mo: Copies Cross |
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Language developments at:
4-6mo 12mo 18mo 24mo 36mo |
4-6mos: Babbles
12mos: First Word 18mos: Names Objects 24mos: 2 word sentences 36mos: first/last name, colors |
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Social Developments at:
1-2mos 7-9mos 7-18mos 1yr 18mos 24mos 36mos 48mos |
1-2mos: social smile
7-9mos: stranger anxiety 7-18mos: seperation anxiety 1yr: drinks from cup 18mos: uses spoon 24mos: puts on clothes 36mos: dresses self 48mos: dresses w/o supervision |
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Figures drawn at age:
3 4 4.5 5 6 7 |
3: Circle
4: Cross 4.5: Rectangle 5: Square 6: Triangle 7: Diamond |
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Other names of Erikson's Early Childhood stage
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Initiative vs Guilt
Industry vs Inferiority |
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Common causes of mental retardation
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Down's
Fragile X Infection (Rubella, Toxoplasmosis) Substance Abuse |
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Male:Female ADHD ratio
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2:1 male
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3 stages of love
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Lust (hormone driven)
Lovesick (5HT, NE, DA) Unconditional acceptance |
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most divorces are initiated by
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women
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Age group with highest rate of suicide
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Older Adults (20%)
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4 signs of midlife crisis
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EtOH abuse
Financial problems Depression inc interest in physical appearance |
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5 stages of grief
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Denial
Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance |
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5 Axes from DSM
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I = Clinical Disorders
II = Personality and MR III = Medical Conditions IV = Stressors V = GAF Score |
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2 types of interviews
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Structured
Unstructured |
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Rorschach blots are what type of personality test
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Projective Personality Test
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This hormone mediates arousal
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NE
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Not associated with loss of reality, or A/V halllucinations
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Anxiety
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Acute tx of panic attack
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Benzos
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Do panic attacks cause visual hallucinations?
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no
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More panic attacks in men or women
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equal
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Sx: checking, repeating, counting, possible aggression
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OCD
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The cascade effect (wtf is this about)
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Serotonin
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PTSD often causes low levels of what hormone
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Cortisol
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Characteristic feature of generalized anxiety disorder
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persistent sx over time
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A diffuse, unpleasant, vague, sense of apprehension, often accompanied by autonomic sx
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Anxiety
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Fear vs Anxiety
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Fear = external threat
Axiety = internal threat |
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To dx anxiety disorder, sx must be present for...
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6 mos
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Anxiety sx (ICD-10) categories (4) and examples
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1. Autonomic arousal: palps, sweating
2. Sx involving chest and abd 3. Sx involving mental state: dizzy, fear of dying 4. General sx: hot flushes, chills, Numbness |
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43 NT's linked to anxiety
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NE, 5HT, GABA
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2 agents that can provoke panic attacks
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B-adrenergic receptor agonist (isoproterenol)
alpha2-adrenergic antagonist (yohimbine) |
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Agent that reduces anxiety symptons and mechanism
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Clonidine (catapres) = alpha2 receptor agonist
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Serotonergic agent that decreases anxiety
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Buspirone (BuSpar)
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Serotonergic agent that increases anxiety
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Fenfluramine (pondimin)
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How might GABA decrease anxiety
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inhibit locus cerules
modulate reticular activating system |
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How do benzos work to decrease anxiety
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bind to GABA receptor-->inc GABA effect-->dec anxiety
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A benzo antagonist that causes severe freq. panic attacks
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Flumazenil (romazicon)
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Fear circuit center
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Amygdala
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Type of anxiety with no particular external trigger
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Free floating
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Type of anxiety caused by overreaction to an identifiable external stressor
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Situational
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NT implicated in GAD
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5HT
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Adults with panic disorder + agoraphobia are more likely to have experienced what condition in childhood
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Separation anxiety disorder
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Fear of heights
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acrophobia
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fear of dogs
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cynophobia
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fear of dirt/germs
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mysophobia
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Not good choices for anxiety tx
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Barbituates
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PTSD flashback/nightmare tx
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antipsychotics (zyprexa)
anticonvulsants (carbamazine, topamax) |
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Specific phobia tx (attempt, may not work)
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beta antagonist
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T/F: Dr. Murphy's PTSD powerpoint is entirely too long...
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True (124 packed slides)
grrrrrrr. |
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Event with highest score on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale
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Death of a Spouse
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Adjustment disorder tx
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Psychotherapy
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4 factors needed to dx PTSD
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trauma
re-experiencing phenomena avoidance hyperarounsal |
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main noradrenergic nucleus in the brain that mediates arousal
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locus ceruleus
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Is hippocampal volume increased or decreased in PTSD
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decreased
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PTSD tx
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Benzos, busiprone, beta-block
antidepressants clonidine psychotherapy |
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OCD tx
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SSRI's
Behavior Therapy |
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Abnormal behaviors during slow wave (stage 3 and 4) NREM sleep
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Parasomnias
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Dx: normal sleep onset
repeat awakenings waking too early |
Major Depressive Disorder
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NT that initiates sleep
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5HT
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Inc serotonin has what effect on sleep?
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inc total sleep time
inc delta wave sleep |
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inc ACh has what effect on sleep?
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inc total sleep time
inc REM sleep |
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inc DA or NE effect on sleep
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dec total sleep time
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NT that drops during REM
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NE
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Narcoleptics go from awake state to...
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REM sleep
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Narcolepsy tx
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Modafinil (stimulant)
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Insomnia tx
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Benzos
Zolpidem (nonbenzo) Ramelteon (melatonin agonist) |
