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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following statements describes the definition of positive punishment?
a) The presentation of a stimulus that increases the rate of occurrence of the target behavior b) The presentation of a stimulus that decreases the rate of occurrence of the target behavior c) The removal of a stimulus that decreases the rate of occurrence of the target behavior d) The removal of a stimulus that increases the rate of occurrence of the target behavior |
b) The presentation of a stimulus that decreases the rate of occurrence of the target behavior
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Which of the following statements describes the definition of negative punishment?
a) The presentation of a stimulus that increases the rate of occurrence of the target behavior b) The presentation of a stimulus that decreases the rate of occurrence of the target behavior c) The removal of a stimulus that decreases the rate of occurrence of the target behavior d) The removal of a stimulus that increases the rate of occurrence of the target behavior |
c) The removal of a stimulus that decreases the rate of occurrence of the target behavior
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Which statement best describes recovery from punishment?
a) After punishment is discontinued, sometimes the behavior that experienced the punishment contingency will recover. b) When the punishment contingency is implemented, the behavior of interest may initially increase in rate, followed by a rapid decline in frequency. c) After punishment is discontinued, the behavior of interest may gradually reappear, only to disappear on its own, regardless of existing environmental contingencies. d) The period of time the implementer of the punishment contingency requires to "recover" from the emotional side effects of using punishment. |
a) After punishment is discontinued, sometimes the behavior that experienced the punishment contingency will recover.
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Which of the following is not a factor that influences the effectiveness of punishment listed in the chapter?
a) Immediacy b) Intensity c) Variation d) Schedule |
c) Variation
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The use of a punishment procedure may cause unwanted side effects to appear. The chapter presents several side effects associated with the use of punishment. Which of the following is not a side effect listed in the chapter?
a) Undesirable emotional responses b) Avoidance and escape c) Increased rate of problem behavior d) Decreased self-esteem |
d) Decreased self-esteem
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Little Peter was walking along the fence of his uncle's dairy farm. Peter reached up and grabbed the wire along the fence, not realizing it was electrified. After recovering from the pain caused by the shock, Peter never again touched the fence wires. Which statement best describes the shock stimulus felt by Peter?
a) Negative Reinforcement b) Negative Punishment c) Bad Judgment d) Positive Punishment |
d) Positive Punishment
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Which statement best describes positive punishment?
a) The delivery of a stimulus, following a behavior, which increases the likelihood that the behavior will occur again b) The delivery of a stimulus, following a behavior, which decreases the likelihood that the behavior will occur again c) A stimulus delivered with good intentions d) The removal of a stimulus, following a behavior, which decreases the likelihood that the behavior will occur again |
b) The delivery of a stimulus, following a behavior, which decreases the likelihood that the behavior will occur again
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Which statement best describes the procedure of response blocking?
a) Blocking the occurrence of the antecedent stimulus associated with the occurrence of the problem behavior b) Delivering a wood block to the student prior to the occurrence of a behavioral response c) Physically intervening as soon as the student begins to emit a problem behavior to prevent the completion of the response d) The interventionist closing his or her eyes to deny the student pleasure after engaging in the problem behavior |
c) Physically intervening as soon as the student begins to emit a problem behavior to prevent the completion of the response
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Punishment should be thought of as an "eye-for-an-eye" procedure.
a) True b) False |
b) False
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Which statement is not recommended as a guideline for the use of punishment?
a) Test punisher on your pet prior to implementing it with your student b) Conduct punisher assessment c) Use the least intensity of punishment that is effective d) Deliver the punisher immediately |
a) Test punisher on your pet prior to implementing it with your student
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Carr and Lovaas (1983) recommended that practitioners experience any punisher personally before the treatment begins for what reason?
a) It reminds the practitioner that it is a sadistic procedure b) It reminds the practitioner that the technique produces physical discomfort. c) It reminds the practitioner that the technique is designed to increase the appropriate behavior of the student. d) It allows the practitioner to determine a baseline of discomfort which he/she then increases rapidly as it is administered to the student. |
b) It reminds the practitioner that the technique produces physical discomfort.
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Which of the following is not listed in the chapter as an ethical consideration regarding the use of punishment?
a) Right to safe and humane treatment b) Least restrictive alternative c) Right to effective treatment d) Most restrictive alternative |
d) Most restrictive alternative
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Sean was responsible for designing an intervention for a fifth grade student who engaged in severe problem behavior consisting of throwing chairs at the teacher when an assignment was given. Sean decided to utilize a contingent physical restraint every time the child threw a chair. Sean is violating the ethical consideration of:
a) Right to safe and humane treatment b) Least restrictive alternative c) Right to effective treatment d) Sean is not violating any ethical considerations |
b) Least restrictive alternative
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Which statement regarding the strength of applied behavior analysis is not supported in the punishment chapter?
a) Recognize and appreciate punishment's natural role and contributions to survival and learning b) Increase the use of punishment procedures over the use of reinforcement-based interventions. c) Increase basic and applied research on punishment. d) View treatments featuring positive punishment as default technologies |
b) Increase the use of punishment procedures over the use of reinforcement-based interventions.
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Many of the recommendations for punishment are derived from basic research conducted more than _____ years ago.
a) 5 b) 20 c) 10 d) 40 |
d) 40
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