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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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compound |
A pure substance that is composed of two or more atoms combined in a specific way. |
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chemical changes |
Changes in the ways the atoms and molecules in a pure substance are arranged and interconnected. |
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atom |
The smallest particle of any element that retains the properties of the element. |
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subatomic particles |
Particles that make up an atom. |
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electrons |
Subatomic particles the have a negative electric charge. |
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protons |
Subatomic particles that have positive electric charge. |
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Neutrons |
Subatomic particles that do not have an electric charge |
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Atomic number |
Tells number of protons. Tells nucleus charge too. |
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Nuclear charge |
The term given to the electric charge on the nucleus, found by counting the number of protons |
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Group/family |
Each column on the periodic table |
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Period |
Each row on the periodic table |
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Transition metals |
Block of elements from group 3 through 12 |
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Multivalent |
Metals that can form ions in more than one way |
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Ion |
An atom (or chemical) with a charge on it. |
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Bohr diagram |
Diagram that shows how many electrons are in each shell surrounding the nucleus |
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Stable octet |
Having eight electrons in the outermost shell. (causes the most stability). |
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Valence electrons |
Electrons in the valence shell |
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Valence shell |
Valence shell |
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Cations |
Positive ions |
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Anions |
Negative ions |
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Ionic bonding |
One or more electrons transfers from each atom of the metal to each atom of the non-metal |
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Covalent compound |
Formed when non-metallic atoms share electrons to form covalent bonds |
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Covalent bonding |
Atoms overlap slightly and one unpaired electron from each atom will pair together |
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Molecule |
A group of atoms bonded together by sharing electrons. |
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Bonding pair |
The pair of electrons involved in the covalent bond |
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Lone pair |
A pair of electrons in the valence shell that is not used in bonding. (It is a pair that is ALONE) |
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Lewis diagram |
Diagram that illustrates chemical bonding by showing only the atoms valence electrons and the chemical symbol |
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Diatomic molecule |
A molecule made of 2
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Subscript |
A pair of atoms that are joined by a covalent bond. |
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Ionic compounds |
made when 1 element pulls the electron(s) OFF OF another element. [Electrons are TRANSFERRED]. |
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Binary covalent compound |
Is two non-metal elements joined together by one or move covalent bonds |
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Reactants |
Pure substance that react in a chemical change (The chemicals you START the reaction with) |
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Chemical reaction |
One or more chemical changes that occur at the same time |
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Products |
Pure substances PRODUCED in a chemical change (The chemicals you END the reaction with). Have different properties from those of the reactants. |
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Symbolic equation |
Using chemical symbols and formulas to show the reactants and products in a chemical reaction |
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Chemical equation |
The representation of a chemical reaction in words or symbols |
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Coefficients |
Numbers placed in front of a chemical formula or a chemical symbol for an element that show the ratios between the various compounds in a chemical reaction |
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State of matter |
The property of a substance describing it as a gas, liquid, or solid |
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Conservation of mass |
States that mass is conserved in a chemical reaction: The MASS of the products of a chemical reaction is ALWAYS the same as the MASS of the reactants. |
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Skeleton equation |
Simply shows the formulas of the reactants and products |
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Balanced chemical equation |
Show the identities of each pure substance involved as well as the matching number of atoms of each element on both sides of a chemical equation |
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Subscript |
Small number written to the right of a symbol of an element |
