Bbc Assignments 210-220

Front 1

DOC for chloroquine resistant P flaciparum

Back 1

atovaquone-proguanil

Front 2

DOC for chloqruine resistant strains of malaria

Back 2

mefloquine

Front 3

DOC for strongloides and oonchocerciasis

Back 3

ivermectin

Front 4

mebendazole vs. praziquental

Back 4

mebendazole for round worms (pinworm)

paziquantal- fluckes, shistozomes

Front 5

melarsoprol is for

Back 5

east african sleeping sickenss, melarsoprol

Front 6

stibgluconate

Back 6

DOC for cutaenous leismaniasis, causes severe phleobotoxicit and increased risk for thromvbosis and pancreatitis

Front 7

suramin

Back 7

east african sleeping sicknes (early), priuritis and fever

Front 8

Aminoglytcsides

Back 8

ototoxic and nephrotoxic, gram neg aerobes, amicacin, gentamycin, stretomycin tobramycin

Front 9

Erytromycins

Back 9

ause QT prolongation, especially with dugs lile antihistamies, erytromycin causes exeessicve GI prbsm stimulates motilin receptors in GI

Front 10

FQs

Back 10

floxixaN, 1st gen non-pseudomonas UTIs, second generation does that too, 3rd fen ads fran +, and mycoplasma, 4th gen used for pbeumococcus, floxicans

Front 11

isoniazid

Back 11

used for TB, rifampin, pyrazinimade and ethambutol for treatment of active 2ndarey TBm ysed as a nibitheray, can cause hepatotox, and peripheral pneuropathy, w/o Vit B6

Front 12

pyriazinimade

Back 12

used as multi drug therapy for TB ADRs hepatotox, and hyperuriciemia

Front 13

rifampin and rifabutin

Back 13

Rifabutin0 mycobateruum avium complex, not for kids, liver tox thrombocytomeina, discolration of stuff, rigampin too

Front 14

NSAIDs

Back 14

ASA, diclofenax, etodolac, flurniprogen, chronic used assoicated with renal prbobs, worsening of CHF and GI bleeds

Front 15

NSAID for severe acute pain

Back 15

ketorolac, serious GI prnbs and renal effects

Front 16

Enzyme that requires an N-acetylglutamate cofactor

Back 16

carbamoyl phsophate synthetase, reactes ammonia with ATP, without the carbamoyl phsosphat4e casues elevated orthinite low citrulline and no arginosuccinate or arginine

Front 17

Amino acid groups

Back 17

csteine and methinonine contain sulfur

-henylalainine, methionine and ysteine are hydrophobic,

aspartate nad glutamate are negatively charged, arginine is postive

Front 18

peptide bonds are formed by

Back 18

amino group to carboxyl group of amino acids to form a chain

Front 19

2,3 BPG

Back 19

byproduct of glycolysis, when levels are high then decreased oxygen binding of Hb, delivery to tissues doing lots of glycolysis

Front 20

Collagen synthesis

Back 20

requires Vit C to make hydroxylysine/proline from glycine and proline (two main components of collagen)

Front 21

Enzymes and competitive inhibitors

Back 21

competitive inhibtors increase Km (sustrate neded to reach1/2 Vmax) without affecting Vmax (maximum reaction velocity)

noncompetitive inhibitros bind another site decreasing Vmax but no impact on Km

Front 22

GLUT transporters

Back 22

transport glucose across emmbranes

GLUT1- RBCs
Glut 2- hepatocytes, pancreatic beta islet cells and renal cells, insulin dependnat
Glut 4- insulin sensitive on skleetal muscle and adipose tissue

Front 23

Fates of pyruvate

Back 23

end product of glycolysis

1. celss without mitochndria or have no O2 converted to lactic acid by LDH
2. pyruvate dehydrogenase converts to Acetyl Coa for Krebs
3. converted to oxaloacetate by pyruvate carboxylase for gluconeogensis
4. in microorgansisms can reduce pyruvate to ethanol

Front 24

TCA cycle

Back 24

fuled by acetyl CoA, arsenic inhbits pruvate dehydrogenase inhibits TCA cycle

yields 11 ATPs from NADs and FADH

Front 25

How many pyruvates from 1 glucose?

Back 25

2

Front 26

gluconenogenic molecules

Back 26

glycolysis and TCA cycle intermediates, glycerol, tyrosine, trytopahan, isoleucine

pyruvate converted to phospheolpyruvate via PEP carboxykinase (RLS) and pyruvate carboxylae

Front 27

2 major glycogen storage sites

Back 27

liver and skeletal msucle

Front 28

hormone control of pancreatic release of enzymes

Back 28

by enzyme CCK produced by intesintes in response to lipis

apo B48 combines with lpids to form chylomicron which enters lyphatic to reach blood

Front 29

precursosrs of fatty acid syntehsis

Back 29

occurs in lvier, acetyl CoA RLS is acetyl CoA carboxylase, activated by insulin, end producet is palmitoyl CoA

Front 30

Fatty acid degradation

Back 30

occurs in teh mictochonridon, enters via carnitine palmitoyltransferases, Beta oxidation to form acetyl CoA

Front 31

Functions of cholesterol

Back 31

stabilizes plasma membranes, precurosr for steroid hromones, synthesis of bile acids

controlled by HMG CoA reductase, activatede by insulin

Front 32

removal of no longer useful proteins

Back 32

ubiqutiin proteosome, lysomsomal systems

Front 33

amino groups get transferred to...

Back 33

glutamic acid, catalyzed by aminotransferases ALT and AST requires Vit B6

deaminattion of glutamte in lvier by glutamate dehydrogenase yields ammonia

Front 34

carbbamoyl phosphate synthestase

Back 34

RLS of the urea cycle joins orthinine to from citrulline which combines with aspartate toform arginosuccinate later cleaved back to ornithine, yields urea

kidney prolems abd liver to get hyperammnemia

Front 35

Essential AAs

Back 35

methioneine, threonine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, tryptophan, phenylalanine

Front 36

gluconeogenic aas

Back 36

alanine, trytophan, serine, glycine and cysteine yield pyruvate, isolecine yields acetyl CoA, acetoacetate from lecuine, lysine phenylalaine, tryptophan and yrosine, succinly CoA from sisoleucine, methoionine, theronine and valine, fumarate from phenylalaline and tyrosine

tyrto, phenyl adn tyro ans isol are all ketogenic too

Front 37

White vs. gray rami communicantes

Back 37

White contains myelinated neurons from anterior nerve root, synpases in the chain and then returns to spinal nerve in the grey rami

Front 38

Clofibrate decreases TGs by...

Back 38

increasing liprotein lipase activity

Front 39

Commited step in pyrimidine synthesis

Back 39

controlled by carbomoyl phsopahte synthetase II, catalyzes from glutamine and CO2 generates carbamoyl phopshate

in purine syhtensis is phsoporibosyl pyrophophate amidotransferase

Front 40

1st 10-18 hours after a fast

Back 40

onl gluconeogenesis as a source for glucose by third week brain uses exclusively ketone bodies as fuel

Front 41

polymerase delta

Back 41

repairs DNA and catalyzes DNA synthesis, elongation of laaging strand epsilon does leading strand

ply gamma proofreeds, alpha acts a primase

Front 42

Histone arrangement

Back 42

8 histones in euchroitin, 2 H2A, H2B, H3 and H4s, connected bia nucleosome linking DNA

Front 43

steps of protein synthesis

Back 43

initiation factors are important, 5' cap used to correty position mRNAamino acids brought over by tRNA

Front 44

Stop codons

Back 44

UAG, UAA, UGA

Front 45

ELISA

Back 45

enzyme linke d immunosorbent assay used to detrect certain protens used for screenng in HIV

Front 46

Testicular feminization syndrome

Back 46

male XY, but nonfiunctional testosterone receptors lead to undescended testes, vagina and externally apperaing female

Front 47

hypognaodtropic hypogonaism

Back 47

Kallman syndrome, tumors, sarcoid of hypothalaums, anoerexia, proff atheletes, weight loss and high stress

Front 48

Adenomyosis

Back 48

gorwth of endometrial glands and stoma into uteirne muscullature, causes dysmennorhea, menorrhagia, diffusely large uterus that is soft, MRI, analgesis then hystrerectoy to tx

Front 49

Neoplastic ovarian cysts

Back 49

serous cystadenocarcinma, mucinous cystadeninocarcinoma

Front 50

theca lutein cyst

Back 50

filled with serous fluid within cysts of theca cels, high beta hCG, stimulation from molar pregnancy or cloiphenetherapy, pelvic discomfort

Front 51

faiure of fusion of paramesonephric ducts

Back 51

bicornate uterus possibly with double cervix

Front 52

Mayer-Rotinaskly- Kuster-Hasuer syndrome

Back 52

vaginal and or uterine ageneis, d/t mullerian agenesis

Front 53

straddle injury

Back 53

occur as a result of sudden fall on groin, intense pain, hematuria, srotal welling (urine getting into scrotum) tx is surgery

Front 54

Neoplastic testicular masses

Back 54

marble sized hard, nontender, non malignant ones tend to not e as hard

Front 55

epidiyidmitis

Back 55

inflammation of the epididymis, gradual onset, intense pain, pyuria, if younger or older due to anatomic abnromalities, otherwise gonorrhea or chlaymdia