Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
demography
|
the scientific study of population characteristics
|
|
agricultural density
|
the ratio of the number of farmers to the amount of arable land
|
|
agricultural revolution
|
a significant change in agriculture that occurs when there are discoveries, inventions, or new technologies that change production
|
|
arithmetic density
|
the total number of people divided by total land area
|
|
census
|
a periodic count of the population
|
|
crude birth rate (CBR)
|
the total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people
|
|
crude death rate (CDR)
|
the total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people
|
|
demographic transition
|
a model used to explain the process of transition from high birth rates and high death rates to low birth rates and low death rates
|
|
dependency ratio
|
the number of people who are too young or too old to work
|
|
doubling time
|
the number of years needed to double a population
|
|
epidemiologic transition
|
focuses on distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition
|
|
epidemiology
|
the branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that affect large numbers of people
|
|
ecumene
|
the portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement
|
|
Industrial Revolution
|
began in England in the late 18th century; a conjunction of major improvements in industrial technology
|
|
infant mortality rate (IMR)
|
the annual number of deaths of infants under one year of age, compared with total live births
|
|
life expectancy
|
the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live at current mortality levels
|
|
medical revolution
|
improved medical practices suddenly eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in LDCs and enabled more people to experience longer and healthier lives
|
|
natural increase rate (NIR)
|
the percentage by which a population grows in a year
|
|
overpopulation
|
excessive population of an area to the point of overcrowding, depletion of natural resources, or environmental deterioration
|
|
pandemic
|
disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population
|
|
physiological density
|
the number of people supported by a unit area of arable land
|
|
population pyramid
|
a bar graph that shows a country's population by age and gender groups
|
|
sex ratio
|
the number of males per hundred females in a population
|
|
total fertility rate (TFR)
|
measures the number of births in a society
|
|
zero population growth (ZPG)
|
when the crude birth rate declines to the point where it equals the crude death rate; increase rate=0
|