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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Eardrum is pinkish gray; see the malleus lying behind upper drum; from umbo, bright cone of light fans anteriorly and downward. Small blood vessels along handle of the malleus are normal.
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Normal Eardrum
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Holes in the eardrum; usually from purulent infections. Eardrum scarred; no landmarks are visible.
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Perforation of the Drum
Q: What is the difference between central and marginal perforation? |
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Large, chalky white patch with irregular margins; deposition of hyaline material within the layers of the tympanic membrane that sometimes follows severe episodes of otitis media.
Does not usually impair hearing and is rarely clinically significant. |
Tympanosclerosis
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Air is absorbed from middle ear into the bloodstream and causes serous fluid accumulation.
Usually caused by viral upper respiratory infections. |
Serous Effusion
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The eustachian tube cannot equalize the air pressure in the middle ear and outside air.
S/S: Fullness and popping sensations in the ear, mild conduction hearing loss and sometimes pain. |
Serous Effusion
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Commonly caused by bacterial infection from S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae.
S/S: Earache, fever and hearing loss |
Acute Otitis Media with Purulent Effusion
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painful hemorrhagic vesicles appear on the tympanic membrane, the ear canal, or both.
S/S: Earache, blood-tinged discharge, conductive hearing loss. |
Bullous Myringitits
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Normal Eardrum
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Perforated Eardrum
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Tympanosclerosis
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Serous Effusion
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Acute Otitis Media with Purulent Effusion
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Bullous Myringitis
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What is the otoscope used for? |
to visualize the ear canal and drum. note discharge, foreign bodies, redness. |
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What is the Weber test? What results do you look for? |
Test for lateralization (hearing out of one ear only or better than the other) |
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What is the Rinne test? What results do you look for? |
air conduction vs. bone conduction of sound ( can they still hear the sound waves after they stop feeling the movement of the fork?) |
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What is the difference between the Weber and the Rinne tests? |
Weber: tuning fork is placed on top of head; do they hear equally on both sides? Rinne: tuning fork placed on mastoid bone until they stop feeling it, then placed near ear ( cant hey still hear the fork movements?/ AC>BC) |
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What is a PE tube? |
A PE tube (AKA tympanostomy tube) is a pressure equalization tube used to allow air into the middle ear and to drain fluid from the ear; used to decrease infections. |
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Name the Lymph nodes (10). |
Preauricular, Posterior auricular, occipital, tonsillar, submandibular, submental, superficial cervical, posterior cervical, deep cervical chain, supraclavicular. |
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This node is located in front of the ear. |
preauricular |
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This node rests in the area superficial to the mastoid process. |
posterior auricular |
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This node is located at the base of the skull posteriorly |
Occipital |
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This node is located at the angle of the mandible |
Tonsillar |
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This node is midway between the angle and the tip of the mandible. |
Submandibular |
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This node lies in the midline a few centimeters behind the tip of the mandible |
Submental |
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This node is superficial to the sternomastoid |
Superficial cervical |
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This node lies along the anterior edge of the trapezius |
Posterior cervical |
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This node is located in deep to the sternomastoid; often unpalpable |
Deep Cervical Chain |
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This node is located deep in the angle formed by the clavicle and the sternomastoid |
Supraclavicular |
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This lesion may develop in any scarred area but is most common on the shoulders and upper chest and are most common in dark–skinned people.
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Keloid (def)
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Chronic inflammatory lesion; starts as painful papule on the helix or antihelix and turns into crusty ulcer. Reddening may occur.
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Chondrodermatitis
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You should biopsy this lesion to rule out carcinoma.
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Chondrodermatitis (recommendation)
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Firm, nodular, hypertrophic mass of scar tissue extending beyond the area of injury.
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Keloid (Pyhsical manifestation)
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Deposit of uric acid crystals characteristic of chronic gout (or chronic sustained levels of uric acid); appears as hard nodules in helix & antihelix.
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Tophi (def)
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May discharge chalky white crystals through skin. Appear on joints, hands, feet & other areas.
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Tophi (physical manifestation)
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Raised nodule; has lustrous surface with small vessels; growth and ulceration may occur.
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Basal Cell Carcinoma (physical manifestation)
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Common slow–growing malignancy that rarely metastasizes. Common in light–skinned people.
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Basal Cell Carcinoma (Def)
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Dome shaped lump in the dermis forms benign, firm sac attached to the epidermis. Blackhead may be visible on surface.
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Cutaneous Cyst– AKA– Sebaceous Cyst
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Small lumps on the helix or antihelix; ulceration may result from repeated injuries. Additional nodules may appear on hands, arms, knees or heels.
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Rheumatoid Nodules
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Keloid (PIC)
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Tophi (PIC)
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Cutaneous Cyst (PIC)
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Chondrodermatitis Helicis (PIC)
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Basal Cell Carcinoma (PIC)
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Rheumatoid Nodules (PIC)
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