Basis Grade 5 Oceans Test Study Guide 12/15/15

Front 1

When the ocean water evaporates, it leaves the _____/______ behind.

Back 1

salt/salinity

Front 2

About ___ million years ago, there were no oceans and volcanoes spread lava, ash and _____ all over the planet. It was much _____ than it is today. Then the Earth became cool enough for it to ____. So it did. A lot.

Back 2

500

gasses

hotter

rain

Front 3

What are the 5 major divisions of the global ocean.

Back 3

1. Pacific

2. Atlantic

3. Indian

4. Arctic

5. Southern

Front 4

When local evaporation increases, the salinity of the ocean in that area _____.

Back 4

increases

Front 5

Surface currents are moved primarily by ____that blow in certain patterns because of the Earth's spin and the _____ ______. Winds are able to move the top ___ meters of the ocean creating surface ocean currents.

Back 5

winds

Coriolis Effect

200

Front 6

Deep currents are very ___-____ and occur far below the surface of the ocean. Below ____ meter deep. Deep ocean currents are driven by ______ and _______ gradients.

Back 6

slow-moving

200

density and temperature

Front 7

Thermocline circulation, also known as ____ _______ ______ _____, refers to the deep ocean ______-driven ocean basin currents.

Back 7

the ocean's conveyor belt

density

Front 8

Surface zone currents are ____-moving currents which occur at the surface of the ocean. Up to ____ meters deep.

Back 8

fast

200

Front 9

The deep zone is the bottom layer of water from >___ meters to the ocean floor. Average temperature is _ degrees C.

Back 9

200

2

Front 10

Plankton are the ____ common things in the ocean. __________ are plant-like plankton, and ________ are animal like plankton.

Back 10

most

phytoplankton

zooplankton

Front 11

_____ are living things that swim through the water. Most are fish, but some are ______.

Back 11

Nekton

mammals

Front 12

______ are living things on the ocean floor. They like to attach themselves to _____ and stay in one place. Other _____ on the ground.

Back 12

Benthos

rocks

crawl

Front 13

Deep currents form because of differences in ______ which is the ration of ____ to _____.

Back 13

density

mass

volume

Front 14

3 factors control the movement of surface currents:

1) ________ ______ cause the surface water to blow in the direction the wind is blowing.

Back 14

Global winds

Front 15

3 factors control the movement of surface currents:

2) The Corialis effect causes currents to turn _______ in the Northern Hemisphere and _________ in the Southern Hemisphere.

Back 15

clockwise

counter-clockwise

Front 16

3 factors control the movement of surface currents:

3) __________ ________ occur when surface currents meet a continent and they are deflected or forced to change directions.

Back 16

Continental deflections

Front 17

_______ are volcanic mountains formed in the ocean

Back 17

Seamounts

Front 18

The ________ ______ is the gentle sloping region from the shoreline toward the open ocean. It reaches depths of ____ meters.

Back 18

Continental shelf

200

Front 19

The _______ _____ is at the base of the continental slope. It is made of large piles of ______ that slide down the continental slope.

Back 19

continental rise

sediment

Front 20

The _______ ______ is the steep slope that begins at the edge of the ________ ______ and continues to the ocean floor.

Back 20

continental slope

continental shelf

Front 21

________ _______ are very deep cracks in the ocean floor caused by an _______ ______ going under another plate.

Back 21

Ocean trenches

oceanic plate

Front 22

A ______ ______ is a valley between ridges where magma rises up.

Back 22

rift valley

Front 23

____-____ ______ are mountain chains formed by two _____ _____ separating.

Back 23

Mid-ocean ridges

tectonic plates

Front 24

______ ______ are broad flat portions of the deep ocean basin.

Back 24

Abyssal plains

Front 25

Back 25

Front 26

The abyssal ____ is in the abyssal plain. Few ______ live there.

Back 26

zone

animals

Front 27

The _____ _____ is at the floor of the ocean trench.

Back 27

Hadal zone

Front 28

____ ____ is the difference between low tide and high tide.

Back 28

Tide range

Front 29

The sea floor spreads from magma rising up in the ____ ______. When the magma hardens, it creates ____ _____ _____.

Back 29

sea mounts

mid-ocean ridges

Front 30

Phytoplankton make food by ___________. They live in the ______ zone. Most are _____.

Back 30

photosynthesis

photic

algae

Front 31

Zooplankton feed on __________. They include tiny animals and ____ _____.

Back 31

phytoplankton

fish larvae

Front 32

Some ________ live near vents on the deep ocean floor.

Back 32

benthos

Front 33

__________ are at the bottom of the food chain.

Back 33

Phytoplankton

Front 34

The bacteria that make food form chemicals are also _______ _______.

Back 34

primary producers

Front 35

When marine organisms die, ______ break them down.

Back 35

decomposers

Front 36

Decomposers live where?

Why?

Back 36

-On the ocean floor

-So that when marine organisms die, they sink to the bottom.