Basic Soldiering Skills

Front 1

Soldiers Creed

Back 1

I am an American Soldier. I am a warrior and a member of a team. I serve the people of the United States, and live the Army Values.I will always place the mission first. I will never accept defeat.I will never quit. I will never leave a fallen comrade.I am disciplined, physically and mentally tough, trained and proficient in my warrior tasks and drills.I always maintain my arms, my equipment and myself.I am an expert and I am a professional.I stand ready to deploy, engage, and destroy, the enemies of the United States of America in close combat.I am a guardian of freedom and the American way of life. I am an American Soldier.

Front 2

Army Song

Back 2

"THE ARMY GOES ROLLING ALONG"

Verse:March along, sing our song, with the Army of the free.Count the brave, count the true, who have fought to victory.We’re the Army and proud of our name!We’re the Army and proudly proclaim:

First Chorus:First to fight for the right,And to build the Nation’s might, And the Army goes rolling along.Proud of all we have done,Fighting till the battle’s won,And the Army goes rolling along.

Refrain:Then it’s hi! hi! hey!The Army’s on its way.Count off the cadence loud and strong;For where’er we go,You will always knowThat the Army goes rolling along.

Front 3

What is the 1st General Order?

Back 3

"I will guard everything within the limits of my post and quit my post only when properly relieved."

Front 4

What is the 2nd General Order?

Back 4

"I will obey my special orders and perform all of my duties in a military manner."

Front 5

What is the 3rd General Order?

Back 5

"I will report violations of my special orders, emergencies, and anything not covered in my instructions, to the commander of the relief."

Front 6

WHAT IS AN O1?

Back 6

SECOND LIEUTENANT (2LT)

(Addressed as "Lieutenant")

Typically the entry-level rank for most Commissioned Officers. Leads platoon-size elements consisting of the platoon SGT and two or more squads (16 to 44 Soldiers).

Front 7

WHAT IS AN O2?

Back 7

FIRST LIEUTENANT (1LT)

(Addressed as "Lieutenant")

A seasoned lieutenant with 18 to 24 months service. Leads more specialized weapons platoons and indirect fire computation centers. As a senior Lieutenant, they are often selected to be the Executive Officer of a company-sized unit (110 to 140 personnel).

Front 8

WHAT IS AN O3?

Back 8

CAPTAIN (CPT)

(Addressed as "Captain")

Commands and controls company-sized units (62 to 190 Soldiers), together with a principal NCO assistant (1SG). Instructs skills at service schools and The United States Army combat training centers and is often a Staff Officer at the battalion level.

Front 9

WHAT IS AN O4?

Back 9

MAJOR (MAJ)

(Addressed as "Major")

Serves as primary Staff Officer for brigade and task force command regarding personnel, logistical and operational missions.

Front 10

WHAT IS AN O5?

Back 10

LIEUTENANT COLONEL (LTC)

(Addressed as "Lieutenant Colonel” or "Colonel")

Typically commands battalion-sized units (300 to 1,000 Soldiers), with a CSM as principal NCO assistant. May also be selected for brigade and task force Executive Officer.

Front 11

WHAT IS AN O6?

Back 11

COLONEL (COL)

(Addressed as "Colonel")

Typically commands brigade-sized units (3,000 to 5,000 Soldiers), with a CSM as principal NCO assistant. Also found as the chief of divisional-level staff agencies.

Front 12

WHAT IS AN O7?

Back 12

BRIGADIER GENERAL (BG)

(Addressed as "General")

Serves as Deputy Commander to the commanding general for Army divisions. Assists in overseeing the staff's planning and coordination of a mission.

Front 13

WHAT IS AN O8?

Back 13

MAJOR GENERAL (MG)

(Addressed as "General")

Typically commands division-sized units (10,000 to 15,000 Soldiers).

Front 14

WHAT IS AN O9?

Back 14

LIEUTENANT GENERAL (LTG)

(Addressed as "General")

Typically commands corps-sized units (20,000 to 45,000 Soldiers).

Front 15

WHAT IS AN O10?

Back 15

GENERAL (GEN)

(Addressed as "General")

The senior level of Commissioned Officer typically has over 30 years of experience and service. Commands all operations that fall within their geographical area. The Chief of Staff of the Army is a four-star General.

Front 16

WHAT IS AN O10?

Back 16

GENERAL OF THE ARMY (GOA)

This is only used in time of War where the Comanding Officer must be equal or of higher rank than those commanding armies from other nations. The last officers to hold this rank served during and immediately following WWII.

Front 17

WHAT IS A WO1?

Back 17

WARRANT OFFICER 1 (WO1)

Appointed by warrant from the Secretary of the Army. WO1s are technically and tactically focused officers who perform the primary duties of technical leader, trainer, operator, manager, maintainer, sustainer, and advisor.

Front 18

WHAT IS A CW2?

Back 18

CHIEF WARRANT OFFICER 2 (CW2)

Chief Warrant Officers become commissioned officers as provided by the President of the United States. CW2s are intermediate level technical and tactical experts who perform increased duties and responsibilities at the detachment through battalion levels.

Front 19

WHAT IS A CW3?

Back 19

CHIEF WARRANT OFFICER 3 (CW3)

Advanced-level experts who perform the primary duties that of a technical and tactical leader. They provide direction, guidance, resources, assistance, and supervision necessary for subordinates to perform their duties. CW3s primarily support operations levels from team or detachment through brigade.

Front 20

WHAT IS A CW4?

Back 20

CHIEF WARRANT OFFICER 4 (CW4)

Senior-level experts in their chosen field. They primarily support battalion, brigade, division, corps, and echelons above corps operations. CW4s typically have special mentorship responsibilities for other WOs and provide essential advice to commanders on WO issues.

Front 21

WHAT IS A CW4?

Back 21

CHIEF WARRANT OFFICER 5 (CW5)

Master-level technical and tactical experts that support brigade, division, corps, echelons above corps, and major command operations. They provide leader development, mentorship, advice, and counsel to WOs and branch officers. CW5s have special WO leadership and representation responsibilities within their respective commands.

Front 22

WHAT IS AN E-1 & E-2?

Back 22

PRIVATE (PVT/PV2)

(Addressed as "Private")

Lowest rank: a trainee who’s starting Basic Combat Training (BCT). Primary role is to carry out orders issued to them to the best of his/her ability. (PVT does not have an insignia)

Front 23

WHAT IS AN E-3?

Back 23

PRIVATE FIRST CLASS (PFC)

(Addressed as "Private")

PV2s are promoted to this level after one year—or earlier by request of supervisor. Individual can begin BCT at this level with experience or prior military training. Carries out orders issued to them to the best of his/her ability.

Front 24

WHAT IS AN E-4?

Back 24

CORPORAL (CPL)

(Addressed as "Corporal")

The base of the Non-Commissioned Officer (NCO) ranks, CPLs serve as team leader of the smallest Army units. Like SGTs, they are responsible for individual training, personal appearance and cleanliness of Soldiers.

Front 25

WHAT IS AN E-4?

Back 25

SPECIALIST (SPC)

(Addressed as "Specialist")

Can manage other enlisted Soldiers of lower rank. Has served a minimum of two years and attended a specific training class to earn this promotion. People enlisting with a four year college degree can enter BCT as a Specialist.

Front 26

WHAT IS AN E-5?

Back 26

SERGEANT (SGT) (TEAM LEADER)

(Addressed as "Sergeant")

Typically commands a squad (9 to 10 Soldiers). Considered to have the greatest impact on Soldiers because SGTs oversee them in their daily tasks. In short, SGTs set an example and the standard for Privates to look up to, and live up to.

Front 27

WHAT IS AN E-6?

Back 27

STAFF SERGEANT (SSG)

(SQUAD LEADER)

(Addressed as "Sergeant")

Also commands a squad (9 to 10 Soldiers). Often has one or more SGTs under their leadership.Responsible for developing, maintaining and utilizing the full range of his Soldiers' potential.

Front 28

WHAT IS AN E-7?

Back 28

SERGEANT FIRST CLASS (SFC)

(PLATOON SERGEANT)

(Addressed as "Sergeant")

Key assistant and advisor to the platoon leader. Generally has 15 to 18 years of Army experience and puts it to use by making quick, accurate decisions in the best interests of the Soldiers and the country.

Front 29

What is the Difference between a Master Sergeant and a 1SG?

Back 29

A 1SG is directly in charge of soldiers at the company level whereas a MSG is not.

Front 30

WHAT IS AN E-8?

Back 30

MASTER SERGEANT (MSG)

(Addressed as "Sergeant")

Principal NCO at the battalion level, and often higher. Not charged with all the leadership responsibilities of a 1SG, but expected to dispatch leadership and other duties with the same professionalism.

Front 31

WHAT IS AN E-8?

Back 31

FIRST SERGEANT (1SG)

(SENIOR NCO IN A COMPANY)

(Addressed as "First Sergeant")

Principal NCO and life-blood of the company: the provider, disciplinarian and wise counselor. Instructs other SGTs, advises the Commander and helps train all enlisted Soldiers. Assists Officers at the company level (62 to 190 Soldiers).

Front 32

WHAT IS AN E-9?

Back 32

SERGEANT MAJOR (SGM)

(Addressed as "Sergeant Major")

SGMs experience and abilities are equal to that of the CSM, but the sphere of influence regarding leadership is generally limited to those directly under his charge. Assists Officers at the battalion level (300 to 1,000 Soldiers).

Front 33

WHAT IS AN E-9?

Back 33

COMMAND SERGEANT MAJOR (CSM)

(SENIOR NCO IN A BATTALION)

(Addressed as “Command Sergeant Major")

Functioning without supervision, a CSM’s counsel is expected to be calm, settled and accurate—with unflagging enthusiasm. Supplies recommendations to the commander and staff, and carries out policies and standards on the performance, training, appearance and conduct of enlisted personnel. Assists Officers at the brigade level (3,000 to 5,000 Soldiers).

Front 34

What is the difference between a SM and a CSM?

Back 34

The CSM is directly in charge of troops at the battalion level.

Front 35

WHO IS THE TOP RANKING NCO IN THE ARMY?

Back 35

SERGEANT MAJOR OF THE ARMYThere’s only one Sergeant Major of the Army. This rank is the epitome of what it means to be a Sergeant and oversees all Non-Commissioned Officers. Serves as the senior enlisted advisor and consultant to the Chief of Staff of the Army (a four-star General).

Front 36

When is care under fire rendered?

Back 36

Care under fire is rendered at the scene of the injury while you and the casualty are still under effective hostile fire.

Front 37

When is tactical field care rendered?

Back 37

Tactical field care is rendered by the individual when no longer under hostile fire. Tactical field care also applies to situations in which an injury has occurred during the mission but there has been no hostile fire.

Front 38

What are the steps to evaluate a casualty?

Back 38

Check For:

1. Responsiveness

2. Airway

3. Breathing

4. Bleeding

5. Shock

6. Fractures

7. Burns

Front 39

What is a CASEVAC?

Back 39

When nonmedical vehicles are used to transport a casualty, it is called CASEVAC.

Front 40

What is the FM concerning the M16/A2 Rifle?

Back 40

FM 3-22.9

Front 41

What is the first thing you should do when you handle a weapon?

Back 41

Make sure you clear it

Front 42

What are the four fundamentals of marksmanship?

Back 42

1. Steady Position
2. Proper Aim (Sight Picture)

3. Breathing

4. Trigger Squeeze

Front 43

What are the two basic elements of the Sight Picture?

Back 43

1. Sight Alignment

2. Placing of the Aiming Point

Front 44

What does the acronym SPORTS stand for?

Back 44

Slap, Pull, Observe, Release, Tap and Shoot

Front 45

What is remedial action?

Back 45

Remedial action is the continuing effort to determine the cause for a stoppage of normal function and to try to clear the stoppage once it has been identified.

Front 46

Describe the proper procedures for applying remedial action with the M16/A2.

Back 46

1. Try to place the weapon on safe

2. Remove the magazine

3. Lock the bolt to the rear

4. Place the weapon on safe if not already done

Front 47

Describe the proper procedure for applying immediate action with the M16/A2.

Back 47

1. Slaps gently upward on the magazine to ensure it is fully seated, and the magazine follower is not jammed.

2. Pulls the charging handle fully to the rear.

3. Observes for the ejection of a live round or expended cartridge. (If the weapon fails to eject a cartridge, perform remedial action.)

4. Releases the charging handle (do not ride it forward).

5. Taps the forward assist assembly to ensure bolt closure.

6. Squeezes the trigger and tries to fire the rifle.

Front 48

Is SPORTS an Immediate or Remedial Action?

Back 48

Immediate action

Front 49

What is immediate action?

Back 49

Immediate action involves quickly applying a possible correction to reduce a stoppage without performing troubleshooting procedures to determine the actual cause. (SPORTS)

Front 50

How many times should immediate action be applied to a weapon?

Back 50

Once. (If Rifle still fails to fire, apply remedial action)

Front 51

What is a malfunction?

Back 51

The weapon ceasing to fire due to a stoppage resulting from mechanical failure of the weapon, magazine or ammo.

Front 52

Name the different categories of malfunctions on the M16/A2.

Back 52

1. Failure to feed, chamber or lock

2. Failure to fire cartridge

3. Failure to Extract

4. Failure to Eject

Front 53

What is stoppage?

Back 53

A stoppage is a failure of an automatic or semiautomatic firearm to complete the cycle of operation.

Front 54

How do you clear a stoppage?

Back 54

Apply immediate or remedial action

Front 55

What is the definition of Maximum Effective Range?

Back 55

The greatest distance at which a soldier may be expected to deliver a target hit.

Front 56

Describe the M16/A2 Rifle.

Back 56

A 5.56 mm, magazine fed, gas-operated, air-cooled, semiautomatic or three-round burst, hand-held, shoulder-fired weapon.

Front 57

Describe the weights of the M16/A2 Rifle.

Back 57

• Without Magazine and Sling - 7.78 pounds

• With Sling and a loaded 20 round magazine - 8.48 pounds

• With Sling and a loaded 30 round magazine - 8.79 pounds

Front 58

Describe the max effective rates of fire for the M16/A2 Rifle.

Back 58

• Semiautomatic - 45 rounds per minute• Burst - 90 rounds per minute• Sustained - 12-15 rounds per minute

Front 59

What is the muzzle velocity of the M16/A2 Rifle?

Back 59

3,100feet per second

Front 60

Describe the ranges for the M16/A2 Rifle.

Back 60

• Maximum Range - 3,600 meters

• Max Effective Range for a Point Target - 550 meters

• Max Effective Range for an Area Target - 800 meters

Front 61

Describe the Barrel Rifling for the M16/A2 Rifle.

Back 61

Right hand twist 1/7

Front 62

What is the basic load of ammunition for the M16/A2 Rifle?

Back 62

210 Rounds total. (7 magazines with 30 rounds in each)

Front 63

What is the overall length of the M16/A2 Rifle?

Back 63

39.63inches

Front 64

What are the 8 steps in the functioning of the M16/A2 rifle?

Back 64

1. Feeding

2. Chambering

3. Locking

4. Firing

5. Unlocking

6. Extracting

7. Ejecting

8. Cocking

Front 65

Describe the procedures for clearing the M16/A2 Rifle. (1-3)

Back 65

• Point the muzzle in a designated SAFE DIRECTION. Attempt to place selector lever on SAFE. If weapon is not cocked, lever cannot be placed on SAFE.

• Remove the magazine by depressing the magazine catch button and pulling the magazine down.

• To lock bolt open, pull charging handle rearward. Press bottom of bolt catch and allow bolt to move forward until it engages bolt catch. Return charging handle to full forward position. If you have not done so before, place the selector lever on SAFE.

Front 66

Describe the procedures for clearing the M16/A2 Rifle. (4-9)

Back 66

• Visually (not physically) inspect the receiver and chamber to ensure these areas contain no ammo.

• With the select or lever pointing toward SAFE, allow the bolt to go forward by pressing the upper portion of the bolt catch.

• Place the select or lever on SEMI and squeeze the trigger.

• Pull the charging handle fully rearward and release it, allowing the bolt to return to the full forward position.

• Place the select or lever on SAFE.

• Close the ejection port cover.

Front 67

How do you perform a functions check on the M16/A2 Rifle? (1)

Back 67

1. Place the selector lever on safe. If the selector switch will not go on safe, pull the charging handle to the rear and release. Place the selector lever on safe. Pull the trigger to the rear, the hammer should not fall.

2. Place the selector lever on semi. Pull the trigger to the rear and hold. The hammer should fall. While holding the trigger to the rear, pull the charging handle to the rear and release. Release the trigger and pull it to the rear again. The hammer should fall.3. Place the selector lever on burst. Pull the charging handle to the rear and release. Pull the trigger to the rear and hold. The hammer should fall. While holding the trigger to the rear, pull the charging handle to the rear three times and release. Release the trigger and pull it to the rear again. The hammer should fall.

Front 68

How do you perform a functions check on the M16/A2 Rifle? (2)

Back 68

2. Place the selector lever on semi. Pull the trigger to the rear and hold. The hammer should fall. While holding the trigger to the rear, pull the charging handle to the rear and release. Release the trigger and pull it to the rear again. The hammer should fall.

Front 69

How do you perform a functions check on the M16/A2 Rifle? (3)

Back 69

3. Place the selector lever on burst. Pull the charging handle to the rear and release. Pull the trigger to the rear and hold. The hammer should fall. While holding the trigger to the rear, pull the charging handle to the rear three times and release. Release the trigger and pull it to the rear again. The hammer should fall.

Front 70

Describe the M4 Rifle.

Back 70

A 5.56 mm, magazine fed, gas-operated, air-cooled, semiautomatic or three-round burst, hand-held, shoulder-fired weapon.

Front 71

Describe the max effective rates of fire for the M4 Rifle.

Back 71

• Semiautomatic - 45 rounds per minute

• Burst - 90 rounds per minute

• Sustained - 12-15 rounds per minute

Front 72

What is the muzzle velocity of the M4 Rifle?

Back 72

2,970feet per second

Front 73

Describe the ranges for the M4 Rifle.

Back 73

• Maximum Range - 3,600 meters

• Max Effective Range for a Point Target - 500 meters

• Max Effective Range for an Area Target - 600 meters

Front 74

Describe the Barrel Rifling for the M4 Rifle.

Back 74

Right hand twist 1/7

Front 75

What is the maximum range of the M249 (SAW)?

Back 75

3,600meters

Front 76

What is the maximum effective range of the M249 with tripod and T+E?

Back 76

1,000meters

Front 77

What is the maximum range of the M249 against an area target for both tripod and bipod?

Back 77

Tripod –1,000 meters

Bipod –800 meters

Front 78

What is the maximum range of the M249 against a point target for both tripod and bipod?

Back 78

Tripod –800 meters

Bipod –600 meters

Front 79

What does S.A.W. stand for?

Back 79

Squad Automatic Weapon

Front 80

What is the weight of the M249?

Back 80

16.41pounds

Front 81

What is the basic load of ammunition for the M249?

Back 81

1,000rounds (in 200 round drums)

Front 82

What is the length of the M249?

Back 82

40.87inches

Front 83

Describe the M249.

Back 83

The M249 machine gun is a gas-operated, air-cooled, belt or magazine-fed, automatic weapon that fires from the open-bolt position.

Front 84

What FM covers the M249?

Back 84

FM 3-22.68

Front 85

What are the rates of fire for the M249?

Back 85

• Sustained rate is 100 rounds per minute

• Rapid rate is 200 rounds per minute

• Cyclic rate is 650 to 850 rounds per minute

Front 86

What is the weight of the M240B?

Back 86

Approximately 27.6 pounds

Front 87

What Field Manual covers the M240B?

Back 87

FM 3-22.68 Chapter 3

Front 88

Describe the M240B.

Back 88

The M240B is a belt-fed, air-cooled, gas-operated, fully automatic machine gun that fires from the open bolt position.

Front 89

What is the sustained rate of fire for the M240B?

Back 89

100 Rounds per minute fired in 6 to 9 round bursts and 4 to 5 seconds between bursts. Barrel change every 10 minutes.

Front 90

What is the rapid rate of fire for the M240B?

Back 90

200 Rounds per minute fired in 10 to 13 round bursts and 2 to 3 seconds between bursts. Barrel change every 2 minutes.

Front 91

What is the cyclic rate of fire for the M240B?

Back 91

650 to 950 Rounds per minute fired in continuous bursts. Barrel change every minute.(FM 3-22.68 Jan 2003 / 3-1 / PDF 84)

Front 92

What is the maximum range of the M240B?

Back 92

3725 meters

Front 93

What is the maximum effective range of the M240B with tripod and T&E?

Back 93

1100 meters

Front 94

What is the maximum effective range of the M240B for an area target?

Back 94

Tripod –1,100 meters

Bipod – 800 meters

Front 95

What is the maximum effective range of the M240B for a point target?

Back 95

Tripod – 800 meters

Bipod – 600 meters

Front 96

What is the length of the M240B?

Back 96

49 inches

Front 97

What is the maximum tracer burnout for the M240B?

Back 97

900 Meters

Front 98

How do you properly salute when wearing the beret or without headgear?

Back 98

1. Raise your right hand until the tip of your forefinger touches the outer edge of your right eyebrow (just above and to the right of your right eye).

2. When wearing headgear, the forefinger touches the headgear slightly above and to the right of your right eye. Your fingers are together, straight, and your thumb snug along the hand in line with the fingers. Your hand, wrist, and forearm are straight, forming a straight line from your elbow to your fingertips. Your upper arm (elbow to shoulder) is horizontal to the ground.

Front 99

When is a salute also rendered?

Back 99

• When the United States National Anthem, "To the Color," "Hail to the Chief," or foreign national anthems are played.

• To an uncased National Color outdoors.

• On ceremonial occasions such as changes of command or funerals.

• At reveille and retreat ceremonies, during the raising or lowering of the flag.

• During the sounding of honors.

• When pledging allegiance to the US flag outdoors.

• When turning over control of formations.

• When rendering reports.

• To officers of friendly foreign countries.

Front 100

When are soldiers not required to salute?

Back 100

• Indoors, unless reporting to an officer or when on duty as a guard.

• A prisoner.

• Saluting is obviously inappropriate. In any case not covered by specific instructions, render the salute.

• Either the senior or the subordinate is wearing civilian clothes.