Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the three classes of bacteria based upon gram stain?
|
1. Gram positive - has a much thicker cell wall, which traps the gram stain
2. Gram Negative 3. Does Not Stain - atypical bacterial form |
|
What are the classes of bacteria based upon shape?
|
1. Round = Cocci
2. Rod = Baccilli 3. Spiral = Spirochete (oral spirochetes = treponemas) |
|
What is an oral spirochete important in periodontal disease?
|
Treponemas
|
|
What type of bacteria can grow in air, using oxygen in respiratory chain?
|
Aerobe
|
|
What type of bactera are sensitive to oxygen, canNOT grow in air, use other things to be electron receptors during respiration (electron chain)?
|
Anaerobes
|
|
What type of bacteria can tolerate a little bit of air, but prefer anaerobic conditions?
|
Microphilic
|
|
What type of bacteria are very tolerant and can grow with or without air?
|
Facultative
|
|
T/F
All bacilli are spore forming |
False
Most bacilli are NOT spore forming. anthrax and clostridium are the exception. |
|
What type of bacteria can grow in air, using oxygen in respiratory chain?
|
Aerobe
|
|
What type of bactera are sensitive to oxygen, canNOT grow in air, use other things to be electron receptors during respiration (electron chain)?
|
Anaerobes
|
|
What type of bacteria can tolerate a little bit of air, but prefer anaerobic conditions?
|
Microphilic
|
|
What type of bacteria are very tolerant and can grow with or without air?
|
Facultative
|
|
T/F
All bacilli are spore forming |
False
Most bacilli are NOT spore forming. anthrax and clostridium are the exception. |
|
Which Gram Positive Cocci is coagulase positve?
|
Staph Aureus
|
|
T/F
The enzymes coagulase and protein A produced from Gram Positive Staph Aureus are NOT involved in causing disease. |
True
Coagulase and Protein A are enzymes produced from staph aureus |
|
What is the disease activity that Cytotoxins (α, β, γ, ∂) cause?
|
Cell Lysis
|
|
What are the different toxins that Staph Aureus produces that cause disease?
|
Cytotoxins(α, β, γ, ∂)
Leucocidin Epidermolytic Toxin TSS Toxin Enterotoxin (A-E) |
|
What is the disease activity produced by Leucocidins from Staph Aureus?
|
Kills Leucocytes
|
|
What is the disease activity produced by Epidermolytic Toxin from Staph Aureus?
|
Exfoliation and splitting of epidermis
|
|
What is the disease activity produced by TSS Toxin from Staph Aureus?
|
Shock, rash, desquamation
|
|
What is the disease activity produced by Enterotoxins (A-E) from Staph Aureus?
|
Induces vomiting and diarrhea
|
|
What is the disease activity produced by Enterotoxins (A-E) from Staph Aureus?
|
Induces vomiting and diarrhea
|
|
Which Gram Positive Cocci species is statistically associated with urinary infection in young women?
|
S. Saprophyticus
|
|
Which Gram Positive Cocci produce surface slime when colonizing catheters?
|
S. Epidermidis
|
|
Which Gram Positive Cocci causes faruncles to form?
|
S. Aureus
|
|
Which Gram Positive Cocci is known for catherter colonization?
|
S. Aureus
S. Epidermidis S. Saprophyticus |
|
Which Gram Positive Cocci likes to hang out in the Anterior Nares and Perineum?
|
S. Aureus
|
|
Which Gram Positive Cocci likes to hang out in the Anterior Nares and Skin?
|
S. Epidermidis
|
|
Which Gram Positive Cocci likes to hang out in the Urinary Tract?
|
S. Saprophyticus
|
|
Which Gram Positive Cocci is known for its exotoxin production?
|
S. Aureus
Including exfoliating pyrogenic and toxin superantigens |
|
What portion of an antibody does protein A bind to?
|
Fc portion of the antibody
|
|
How does Staph Aureus evade the immune system?
|
Protein A binds to Fc instead of Fab, so macrophages don't identify the invader
|
|
How is Staph Aureus identified, using Protein A?
|
Protein A makes Staph Aureus antiphagocytic, so latex particles coated with IgG will undergo visible agglutination
|
|
What does Coagulase enzyme secreted from Staph Aureus do?
|
Clots Plasma
|
|
How do you perform a coagulase test?
|
Take bacteria and incubate it with human serum. If the liquid remains clear, no coagulase is present
|
|
What makes an intracellular pathogen?
|
Must enter the host cell
|
|
What makes an extracellular pathogen?
|
Bacteria that secrete toxins, such as TSS Toxin from Staph Aureus
|
|
What are two different outcomes of bacteriophage typing?
|
Some types will integrate into chromosomes and do not kill
Some types kill their host bacteria and you will get a clear zone on the plate |
|
How is bacteriophage typing performed?
|
You stick all types of phages into different reservoirs on the plate and see which ones the bacteria is susceptible to. You can compare the effects to another bacteria to see if they are the same strain
|
|
What is a bacteriophage?
|
A VIRUS that infects bacteria
|