Bacteria Without Cell Walls

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Mollecutes

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soft skin

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Bacteria without cell wall genus'

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Mycoplasma
Ureaplasma
Hemotrophic mycoplasma

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Mycoplasma ureaplasma
general characteristics

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Small genome/size
No cell wall
Pleomorphic
Resistant to penicillin
Sensitive to environmental factors
Gram un-stainable

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Mycoplasma and Ureaplsma limited biosynthetic capacity

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Fastidious - sterols needed
intimate association w/i host

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Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma colony characteristic

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Fried egg colonies
Ureaplasma hydrolyzes urea
host and tissue and species specific

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Mycoplasma spp. general characteristics

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Facultative anaerobe
extracellular/cell surface
mucous membrane
inhalation/contact/vertical fomites

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Mycoplasma can pass from

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vet to animal

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Mycoplasma surface virulence factors

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cytadhesions:attachment, intimate association
High frequency surface variable proteins (Vsp) - avoid
Lipoproteins (modulins) - cytokine inflammation
H2O2

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Vsps genome allows for

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many different combinations of variable portion.

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Mycoplasma secreted toxins

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Protease/nucleases and cytolytic phospholipids - nutrient acquisition
H2O2/O2 - cell damage
Capsule - antiphagocytic

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Mycoplamsa causes

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cell damage via ciliostasis

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Mycoplasma spp Bovine infection

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M. mycoides
M. bovis

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Mycoplasma ssp poultry infection

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M. gallisepticum
M. xynoviae
M. meleagridis

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Mycoplasma spp.
Swine infection

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M. hyopneumoniae
M. hyorhinis

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Mycoplasma Bovine diseases

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Mycopalsma mycoides subsp mycoides - small colony type
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia
Fever, respiratory signs, death in 1 - 2 weeks
Lung - marbled apperance

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Contagious bovine pleruopneumonia

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CBPP
Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides
Most devastaing infection - eradicated in US

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Mycoplasma bovis

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Bovine pneumonia
respiratory signs
lung lesions
co-infection with other bacteria

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Mycoplasma bovis also causes

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bovine mastitis
contagious

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Mycoplasma Bovine disease transmission

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contact with carriers
Milking procedure

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Mycoplasma poultry disease

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M. gallisepticum
M. synoviae
M. meleagridis

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M. gallisepticum presentations

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chronic respiratory disease
coughing, nasla discharge, airsacculitis

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M. synoviae presentation

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subclinical respiratory
synovitis - meat building

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M. meleagridis

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respiratory/arthritis
Turkey

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Mycoplasma poultry diseases transmission

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aerosol - horizontal
hatching egg - vertical

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Mycoplasma hyosynoviae

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M. hyopneumoniae
enxootic pneumonia of pigs (EPP) - chronic lung gets hard
pulmonary consolidation
reduced feed conversion

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Mycoplasma hyorhinis

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polyarthritis
plyserositis

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Mycoplasma porcine disease transmission

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carrier dams to pigs
airosol fomites

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Mycoplasma infection diagnosis

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clinical history:resp/joint prob
post mortem
culture/serology/PCR

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Mycoplasma infections control/prevention/treatment

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clean/stock/flock
reduce stress
tetracyclin, tylosin etc.

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Ureaplasma Diversum pathogenesis

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intimate association w/i host cells
ammonia buildup

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Ureaplasma diseases

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granular vulvitis/abortion

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Ureaplasma transmission/treatment

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venereal, tetracycline

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Hemotrophic mycoplasma general characteristic

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small/No Cell Wall
noncultivable
erythrocytic parastites

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Hemotrophic mycoplasma is transmitted via

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arthropods

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Hemotrophic mycoplasma ssp

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M. suis - porcine eperythrozoonosis
M. haemocanis - Canine haemobartonellosis
M. haemofelis - Feline haemobartonellosis

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Porcine eperythrozoonosis

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M. suis
icteroanemia

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Canine Haemobartonellosis

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M. haemocanis

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Feline Haemobartonellosis

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M. haemofelis

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M. suis.
eperythrozoonosis characteristics

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acute hemolytic anemia
subclinical
Necrosis of extremities

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M. Haemocanis

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Canine infection
Canine haemobartonellosis
subclinical
anemia/death

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M. haemofelis

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Feline infection
Feline haemobartonellosis - feline infectious anemia
Hemolytic anemia, subclinical
Transmission: oral/bite wounds, free-roaming cats

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hemotrophic mycoplsama diagnosis

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cytology/PCR

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control/Prevention/treatment

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Control flea/tick
remove chronic carrier
oxytetracycline/chloramphenical
NO penicillins